Chapter 8

Question 1

Social Stratification

Answer 1

Hierarchical ranking of people in a society who have different access to valued resources

Question 2

Open Stratification system

Answer 2

System that is bases on individual achievement s and allows movement up or down

Question 3

Closed Stratification

Answer 3

System in which movement from one social position to another is limited ascribed statuses such as sex, skin color

Question 4

Social Class

Answer 4

Category of people who have a similar standing or ran in a society bases on wealth, education, power and prestige

Question 5

Wealth

Answer 5

Abundance of economic asserts and material possession that a person or family owns

Question 6

Prestige

Answer 6

Respect, recognition or regards attached to social positions

Question 7

Power

Answer 7

Ability of individuals or groups to achieve goals, control events and maintain influence over others

Question 8

Socioeconomic status (SES)

Answer 8

Overall ranking of a persons position in the class hierarchy bases on income, education, and occupation

Question 9

Working poor

Answer 9

People that work at least 27 weeks a year but receive such low wages that they live in or near poverty

Question 10

Underclass

Answer 10

People who are persistently poor and seldom employed residentially segregated and relatively isolated

Question 11

Life chances

Answer 11

Extent to which people have positive experiences and can secure the good things in life

Question 12

Absolute poverty

Answer 12

Not having enough money to afford the most basic necessities of life

Question 13

Relative poverty

Answer 13

Not having enough money to maintain an average standard of living

Question 14

Poverty line

Answer 14

Minimal level of income that the federal government considers necessary for basic subsistence

Question 15

Feminization of poverty

Answer 15

Higher likelihood that female heads of households will be poor

Question 16

Social mobiliy

Answer 16

Persons ability to move up or down the social class

Question 17

Horizontal mobility

Answer 17

Moving from one position to another at the same class level

Question 18

Vertical mobility

Answer 18

Moving up or down the class hierarchy

Question 19

Intra generational mobility

Answer 19

Moving up or down the class over ones lifetime

Question 20

Intergenerational mobility

Answer 20

Moving up or down the class hierarchy relative to the positions of one parents

Question 21

Davis-Moore thesis

Answer 21

Functionalist view that social stratification benefits a society

Question 22

Meritocracy

Answer 22

Belief that individuals are rewarded for what they do and how well rather than on the basis of their ascribed status

Question 23

Bourgeoisie

Answer 23

Who own and control capital and the means of production

Question 24

Proletariat

Answer 24

Workers who sell their labor for wages

Question 25

Corporate welfare

Answer 25

An array of subsidies, tax breaks, and assistance that the government has created for businesses