Chapter 8

Question 1

contraception

Answer 1

The intentional prevention of pregnancy during sexual intercourse

Question 2

birth control

Answer 2

the device or practice that decreases the risk of conceiving

Question 3

family planning

Answer 3

the conscious decision on when to conceive throughout the reproductive years

Question 4

Informed consent—BRAIDED

Answer 4

B: benefits
R: risks
A: alternatives
I: inquiries and questions
D: decisions may change mind
E: explanations
D: documentation

Question 5

Coitus interruptus

Answer 5

(withdrawal) - least effect method

Question 6

Fertility awareness methods (FAMs)

Answer 6

Natural family planning
Only contraceptive practices acceptable to the Roman Catholic Church
Relies on avoidance of intercourse during fertile periods
FAMs combine charting menstrual cycle with abstinence or other contraceptive methods

Question 7

FAM calendar method

Answer 7

count cycle days for 6 months

Question 8

FAM standard days method

Answer 8

8-19 days are fertlie

Question 9

FAM Symptoms-based methods

Answer 9

TwoDay method
Ovulation method
Basal body temperature (BBT) method
Symptothermal method

Question 10

BBT method

Answer 10

take temp before get out of bed, temp decreases at oluvation go up .2 or .5 degrees Celsius

Question 11

Ovulation method

Answer 11

ovulate cervical mucus

Question 12

Symptothermal method

Answer 12

(2nd chart) does all methods

Question 13

Biologic marker methods

Answer 13

Home predictor test kits for ovulation

The Marquette model

Question 14

Spermicides and barrier methods

Answer 14

Popular also as a protective measure against spread of STIs
Chemical barriers may reduce the risk of some STIs but are not effective against cervical chlamydia and gonorrhea or HIV infection
Male and female condoms provide a mechanical barrier to STIs and HIV

Question 15

Spermicides and barrier methods examples

Answer 15

Spermicides
Condoms, male 
Vaginal sheath (female condom)
Diaphragm (doesnt protect you from STDs and HIV, only replaced every 2-3 unless whole,Toxic shock syndrome (TSS)
Cervical caps (covers cervix)
Contraceptive sponge

Question 16

hormonal methods

Answer 16

over 30 types of birth control 
people don't ovulate 
alters pH of verival mucus, makes uterine lining hard for eggs to land in
don't protect you form STDs or HIV
have lighter periods 
help with ache
can get ovarian cyst so put on birth control so don't get cyst 
blood clotts
can cause or agitate gal bladder disease
can increase breast cancer
help with PMS
91 day seasonal - only like 4 months, seasonic - only 1 period once a year

Question 17

hormonal methods combined

Answer 17

estrogen-progestin contraceptives (COCs)

Progestin-only contraception

• Oral progestins (minipill)
• transdermal patch - can be irritating to skin
• nevaring - leave in for 3 weeks then take out for 1 to have period
• Injectable progestins - Do not massage site after injection; depo - having decreased bone mineral density, no protection
• Implantable progestins - lasts up to 3 years, can have no period or bleeding

Question 18

Emergency contraception

Answer 18

Used within 120 hours of unprotected intercourse
Three methods available in the U.S. - High doses of oral progestins, Levonorgestrel 2 doses High doses of COCs or estrogen, Insertion of copper IUD

plan B - in Tn if 17 or older can get w/in 72 hours, pharm can choose to sell it or not, prevents ovulation/ alters pH of mucus

Question 19

Intrauterine devices

Answer 19

(IUD) - croipper (heavy bleeding) lasts for 10 years, failure less than 10%, can feel if its no inplace
merana - estrogen or progesterone in it, 5 years
can perferate uterus

Offer constant contraception
Small T-shaped device inserted into the uterine cavity
Medicated IUDs loaded with either copper or progestational agent
Offer no protection against STIs or HIV

Question 20

sterilization female

Answer 20

Tubal occlusion
Transcervical sterilization
Tubal reconstruction

have to be 21 and wait 31 days after sign, better reversible if clipped, done in office, go into tube put spring in tube and scars then scare tissue closes it, takes several months

Question 21

sterilization male

Answer 21

Tubal reconstruction (reanastomose) - sever vans defferans, can do with clips

Question 22

breast feeding

Answer 22

Lactational amenorrhea method

can only go 6 hours between feedings to be considered birth control; can only go 6 months

Question 23

future trends

Answer 23

Lower-dose COCs
Female barrier methods
Male hormonal methods

Question 24

abortion

Answer 24

Purposeful interruption of pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation
Elective - doesnt want to carry baby
Therapeutic - danger of moms life or something wrong with fetus

Question 25

abortion during 1st trimester

Answer 25

Aspiration - suck it out
Medical abortion - take 3 kinds of medications, have to follow up with OB in 3-7 days if doesn’t work than aspiration (Methotrexate and misoprostol, Mifepristone and misoprostol)

Question 26

abortion during 2nd trimester

Answer 26

can do up to 20 wks, done in hospital, risk of bleeding, infection, damage to uterus

Question 27

key points

Answer 27

Variety of contraception available with various effectiveness rates, advantages, and disadvantages
Women and their partners should choose the contraceptive method best suited for them
Effective contraceptives available through prescription and nonprescription
Variety of techniques available to enhance the effectiveness of periodic abstinence
Hormonal contraception includes both precoital and postcoital prevention