Chapter 8 Flashcards
(33 cards)
The materials used to extinguish the fire
Extinguishing agent
The most prevalent extinguishing agent in use
Water
Water cannot be compressed; therefore, it can be forced to move by?
Applying pressure to it
When a faucet is turned on, the water flows because of this pressure, known as?
Normal operating pressure
Water can be found in three physical states:
Solid. Liquid. Gas
Water begins to freeze at?
32 degrees
In the temperature range from___water is in the form of a liquid
32-212
Water as ice is important to understand from a?
Safety standpoint
At 212°F it expands___times it’s original volume
1,700
Water extinguishers fire through three basic methods:
- Cools the burning material
- Smothers the fire
- Separates the fuel from the heat
When water converts to steam, it can smother the fire by?
Displacing the oxygen in the room
However, this remains the main reason water extinguished fire
Cooling the fire
Hey certain amount of water is needed to cool and smother a fire. The amount of water needed is known as the?
Flow requirement
The NFA formula:
NFF = L x W/3 x percentage of involvement
The Iowa formula:
NFF = V/100
The type of ______ chosen is a guiding factor in extinguishment
Nozzle
_____are used to shape fire streams, which helps meet extinguishment goals
Nozzles
Probably the most widely used nozzle in the fire service today is the?
Fog nozzle
These nozzles have better cooling capabilities than any other nozzle
Fog nozzle
For this reason, fog nozzles have a tremendous amount of cooling capability
The greater surface area. More droplets of water
Wide fog patterns maybe used for protection of firefighters or to?
Aid in ventilation
Straight streams may be used for reach or?
Penetration
One problem with fog nozzle is is that they tend to be affected by?
Wind and weather
This can make a fog stream ineffective
Wind