Chapter 8-Social psychology in the classroom Flashcards
What is the definition of social comparison?
The process of thinking about information about one or more other people in relation to the self.
What could observational learning lead to?
Identify the role model and imitating their actions.
May lead to increased motivation, personal standards and that individuals could sense their own performance which can raise their self-confidence and feelings of self-efficacy.
What are related attributes?
Attributes that are related to the performance of the task at hand.
What is the similarity principle?
The preference to compare oneself with others who are similar on related attributes.
What is a unidirectional drive upwards?
Compare themselves with someone who is slightly better than themselves.
What do entity theorists believe?
Intelligence is innate and a stable property of a person.
What do incremental theorists believe?
Performance can usually be improved by effort. Those people are more resilient and optimistic about failure. This approach is better than the entity theory.
How can the academic past influence future achievements?
Depending on our self-representations from past experiences, similar tasks could influence next achievements.
What is the BFLPE?
Big-fish-little-pond effect. Contrast effects occur when self-evaluative judgement shift away from the context. Comparing your own ability to someone in your school (ability level: high) -Negative BFLPE
What is the assimilation effects?
Self-evaluated judgement shifts toward the social context. (I.e. ‘‘If I am good enough to be selected to this programme with all the smart students, I must be smart’’)
Exactly what do we know about social comparison principles and related consequences in the classroom?
Pupils who are six-seven years old start making social comparisons in the classroom and pupils nine-ten tend to do so excessively. Pupils compare themselves mostly to the same gender. If the social comparison has a negative outcome, the pupil’s self-efficacy will be lowered.
Explain why students’ conceptions about intelligence are a significant component of their academic achievement
Because if a student has the entity standpoint, they believe that intelligence is innate and stable property of a person which can lead to failure because the person doesn’t think he/she can do anything about it. If the student has an incremental viewpoint they believe performance can be improved by effort which often leads to success because they will keep fighting for what they want.
What do notions such as BFLPE and stereotype threat mean, and why are these notions important at the practical level?
Because if you compare yourself with your social group which is negatively associated or with people who are a lot better than you (and you don’t believe you can match up with them) your performance will be poorer.
Explain the notion of classroom climate and why this notion is important for teachers.
Classroom climate: The perceived quality of the classroom.
If the student is feeling comfortable in their classroom they tend to enjoy school and the teachers more. Liking teachers-perform better in that subject.
