Chapter 9

Question 1

Retribution

Answer 1

the punishment inflicted on a person who has harmed other people and so deserves to be penalized

Question 2

General deterrence

Answer 2

presumes that members of the general public, on observing the punishments of others, will conclude that the costs of crime outweigh the benefits.

Question 3

specific deterrence

Answer 3

targets the decisions and behavior of offenders who have already been convicted.

Question 4

Incapacitation

Answer 4

assumes that society can use detention in prison or execution to keep offenders from committing further crimes.

Question 5

selective incapacitation

Answer 5

whereby offenders who repeat certain kinds of crimes receive long prison terms.

Question 6

What are the four primary goals of the criminal sanction?

Answer 6

Retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation.

Question 7

Furman v. Georgia

Answer 7

Determined that the death penalty in the united states was cruel and unusual and violated the eight amendment

Question 8

Gregg v. Georgia

Answer 8

Determined that the death penalty as rewritten by the Georgia legislature did not violate the eight amendment because it allowed for sentencing that took into account both aggravating and mitigating circumstances

Question 9

McCleskey v. Kemp

Answer 9

In this case, the Court rejected an equal protection clause challenge to Georgia’s death penalty law. Warren McCleskey, an African American, was sentenced to death for killing a white police officer.
BASED ON RACE OF OFFENDER AND RACE OF VICTIM

Question 10

Coker v. Georgia

Answer 10

Death penalty unconstitutional for the crime of rape of an adult woman

Question 11

Kennedy v. Louisiana

Answer 11

Death penalty unconstitutional for the rape of a child

Question 12

Atkins v. Virginia

Answer 12

Death penalty constitutes cruel and unusual punishment for someone with intellectual disabilities
* low IQ, mental disabilities*

Question 13

Roper v. Simmons

Answer 13

Death penalty cruel and unusual for a person who committed a crime when they were less than 18 years old
DC sniper case

Question 14

Intermediate sentences

Answer 14

a type of custodial sentence that consists of a range of years (such as five to ten years) and not a fixed time, which means the convicted person’s release date is left open

Question 15

Determinate sentence

Answer 15

a convicted offender is imprisoned for a specific period (for example, 2 years, 5 years, 15 years).

Question 16

Mandatory sentence

Answer 16

stipulating some minimum period of incarceration that people convicted of selected crimes must serve.

Question 17

Retribution

Answer 17

Eye for an eye, you do crime they will put you in jail