Chapter 9 Flashcards
(14 cards)
Periodic law
When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically
Electron configuration
Description of the orbitals occupied by electrons
Shielding
Blocked from nucleus; electron has a net reduced attraction
Effective nuclear charge
Total amount of attraction that an electron feels for the nucleus
Valence electrons
Electrons on the sublevels with highest principal energy shell
Core electrons
Electrons on lower energy cells
What electrons are shielded
Outer electrons
Ionization energy
Minimum energy needed to remove an electron from an atom or ion
Electron affinity
Energy is released when a neutral atom gains an electron
Electron affinity is defined as
Exothermic
Metallic character
How closely an element’s properties match the ideal properties of a metal
Metallic character decreases
From left to right across period
Metallic character increases
Down the column
