Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
First 10
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed
An amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
2/3 of congress or state
How does an amendment then get ratified?
3/4 of the state legislatures must ratify it
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of…
Speech
Religion
Assembly
Press
And petition the government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
House troops against their will
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Claiming the Bill of Rights are the only Rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
States could be used as protection against the powers of the national government
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
President: George Washington
VP: John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State: handles relations with other countries
Treasury: deals with financial matters
War: deals with the nation’s defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
Henry Knox
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of treasury
What act established a federal court system
Judiciary Act of 1779
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Overturn them
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount of money the government owes
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Combine the debt and divide evenly throughout the states
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way
Southern states owed less than Northern states
