(Viscera of Neck)
Organized into 3 layers form superficial to deep:
- Endocrine layer
- Respiratory layer
- Alimentary layer
(Viscera of Neck)
Endocrine layer:
Thyroid and parathyroid glands
(Viscera of Neck)
Respiratory layer
Larynx and trachea
(Viscera of Neck)
Alimentary layer
Pharynx and esophagus
(Thyroid Gland)
The largest part of the body’s endocrine system, producing ____ ___ and ____.
thyroid hormone and calcitonin
(Thyroid Gland)
Thyroid hormone helps…
control the rate of metabolism
(Thyroid Gland)
Calcitonin will help control…
the rate of calcium metabolism
(Thyroid Gland)
Affects all parts of the body except…
itself, the spleen, testes, and uterus
(Parathyroid Gland)
____ _____, ____ ____ that lie external to the thyroid capsule on the medial half of the posterior surface of each lobe of the thyroid gland.
small flattened, oval glands
(Parathyroid Gland)
The parathyroid gland helps produce _____, which helps control the metabolism of phosphorus and calcium in the blood.
parathormone (PTH)
(Parathyroid Gland)
The parathyroid glands target the ____, ____, and ____.
skeleton, kidneys, and intestine
(Larynx)
Also known as the “_____ ____,” is a complete organ of voice production.
voice box
(Larynx)
Connects the inferior part of the _____ with the ____.
pharynx (oropharynx); trachea
(Larynx)
The larynx functions:
- For the passage of air to and from the lungs
- Prevent foreign objects form entering the lower respiratory passages
- In phonation/voice production
(Larynx)
The skeleton of the larynx includes the:
- Thyroid cartilage
- Cricoid cartilage
- Arytenoid cartilages (paired)
- Epiglottic cartilage
(Larynx - The Thyroid Cartilage)
Forms the ____ ____/ Adam’s apple in males
laryngeal prominence
(Larynx - The Thyroid Cartilage)
Consists of two ____ fused in the midline anteriorly.
laminae
(Larynx - The Thyroid Cartilage)
Forms bilateral _____ ____ with the cricoid cartilage below, allowing the thyroid cartilage to tilt forward and backward on it.
cricothyroid joints
(Larynx - The Cricoid Cartilage)
Articulates above with the thyroid cartilage at the ____ ____ and is attached to it in the anterior midline at the ____ ____, where an emergency airway may be made (____).
cricothyroid joints; cricothyroid ligament; cricothyrotomy
(Larynx - The Arytenoid Cartilage)
Paired pyramidal-shaped cartilages that articulate with the superior border of the ____ ____ ____.
cricoid cartilage lamina
(Larynx - The Arytenoid Cartilage)
Contain vocal ligaments attached to their ____ ____ anteriorly.
vocal processes
(Larynx - The Arytenoid Cartilage)
Are capable of 3 basic movements:
- Sliding toward or moving away from each other
- Tilting anteriorly or posteriorly around the horizontal axis
- Rotating around a vertical axis
(Larynx - The Epiglottic Cartilage)
Is covered by mucous membrane to form the _____.
Epiglottis
(Larynx)
The larynx contains 2 pairs of lateral folds internally separated by spaces (ventricle):
- Vestibular folds (false vocal cords) superiorly
- Vocal folds (true vocal cords) inferiorly
(Larynx)
The ____ ____ is the core of the vocal fold and is the superior free border of the ____ ____.
vocal ligament; cricothyroid ligament
(Larynx - Vocal Ligament)
It attaches to the ____________ posteriorly and to the ____ ____ anteriorly.
vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage; thyroid cartilage
(Larynx)
Laryngeal Muscles
- Cricothyroid
- Thyro-arytenoid
- Posterior cricoarytenoid
- Lateral cricoarytenoid
- Transverse and oblique arytenoids
- Vocalis