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Chapter 9 Hair Sculpting > Chapter 9.1 Sculpting Theory > Flashcards

Chapter 9.1 Sculpting Theory Flashcards

1
Q

The 3 different levels of observation used for analyzing hair sculpture are?

A

Basic Form, Detail in Texture, Abstract Structure Created.

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2
Q

What is hair sculpting?

A

The artistic carving or removing of hair lengths.

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3
Q

Form Line

A

The outer boundary or silhouette shape.

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4
Q

Inactivated texture is?

A

Smooth unbroken lines where end of hair strand is not visible.

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5
Q

Activated Texture is?

A

Broken lines and exposed hair strands

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6
Q

Structure is the lengths across the _______?

A

Curves of the head.

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7
Q

True or false: A structure graphic is a diagram that provides an abstract view of the length arrangement to scale and proportion.

A

True.

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8
Q

What is Natural Fall?

A

The length or level to which the hair falls on the anatomy over the curves of the head . Allows analysis of surface appearance.

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9
Q

What is Normal Projection?

A

When the hair is viewed abstractly (straight out from head) at a a 90 degree. Angle from various points of the head.

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10
Q

What are the Four Basic Forms of Design?

A

Solid, Graduated, Increase-Layer, Uniform-Layer.

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11
Q

Solid Form.

A
  • AKA “One length cut, Bob , Dutch boy, blunt cut.
  • Shorter exterior to longer interior.
  • Max weight develops at the form line since all lengths fall at one length.
  • Shape is rectangle, Texture is Unactivated, color code is blue.
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12
Q

Graduated Form.

A
  • AKA “Wedge cut, or 45 degree angle cut”
  • Shorter exterior gradually progressing to longer interior
  • Weight is found above the perimeter line and the shape is triangle
  • Texture is activated and unactivated, color code is yellow.
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13
Q

Increased Layered Form.

A
  • AKA “Shagg, 180 degree angle cut.
  • Structure is shorter Interior progressing to longer interior
  • No concentrated weight once lengths disperse
  • Shape is oval, Texture is activated and color code is red.
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14
Q

Uniformly Layered Form

A
  • AKA “Layered cut, 90 degree angle cut”.
  • Same length throughout with no concentrated weight.
  • Shape is circular, texture is activated and color code is green
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15
Q

Gradation means shorter exterior gradually progress to longer interior lengths and generally _______?

A

Combined with other forms.

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16
Q

Weight is created by the ________ __________ _______ within the given areas.

A

Concentration of length

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17
Q

Combination Forms are?

A

Increase/Solid , Increased/Uniform/Graduated, Uniform/Graduated, Uniform/Increase, Graduation/Uniform/Gradation, Square (Rectilinear) Form

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18
Q

Increase solid

A

Illusion of an activated surface appearance with maximum perimeter weight. ( Red and Blue )

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19
Q

Increase/Uniform/Gradated

A

Close fitting contour; fringe creates height and fullness. (Red Green Yelow )

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20
Q

Uniform/Gradated

A

Lengths blend for a totally activated surface texture ( Green and Yellow)

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21
Q

Uniform/Increase

A

Highly activated surface and elongation toward the perimeter ( Green and Red )

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22
Q

Graduation/Uniform/Gradation

A

Close fitting exterior blends to uniformly layered lengths; graduated interior lengths achieve a focal point toward the face. ( Yellow, Gree, Yellow )

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23
Q

Square ( Rectilinear ) Form

A

Weight area is created where increase layering meets the graduated form ( red and Yellow.

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24
Q

Shears are also AKA

A

Straight shears that use precision and detailed sculpting, long or short w/ 2 straight blades.

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25
Q

Parts of shears.

A

Shank, finger brace, tension screw, moveable blade, thumb grip, still blade. Finger grip.

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26
Q

Palm down position

A

Used for blunt cut or 0 degree solid form

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27
Q

Palm up position

A

Used for diagonal for ward lines

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28
Q

Palm to palm position

A

Used for diagonal back and graduated lengths

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29
Q

On top of finger position

A

Used for sculpting lengths on top of the head

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30
Q

Taper shears are AKA

A

Thinning shears with 1 straight and 1 notche blade, used to reduce bulk

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31
Q

Razors may be used to

A

Sculpt entire form or to texturize.

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32
Q

Parts of a razor are Blade guard, shoulder, shank, _____________?

A

Blade edge, tang, Handle

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33
Q

Hair should always be wet throughout when sculpting ___?

A

With a razor

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34
Q

Foldable razor should be held….

A

With handle positioned straight out while sculpting with thumb at bottom of shank and place other fingers on top.

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35
Q

Nonfoldable razor should be held…….

A

Position thumb in thumb groove and other fingers on top

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36
Q

Clippers

A

Move in a side to side motion. Come with clippers and attachments.

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37
Q

Parts of clippers are..

A

Adjustable Blade Lever, Adjustable Stationary, Moveable Blade, Guard.

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38
Q

Shampoo comb is used to

A

Detangle wet hair in preparation fro hair sculpture

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39
Q

Master Sketcher

A

Used for controlling or distributing larger amounts of hair as well as for the clipper over comb and shear over comb

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40
Q

Sculpting comb

A

Has fine and wide teeth for distribution when working with medium sized sections of hair

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41
Q

taper comb

A

Taper/Contour/Barber allows sculpting close to scalp , can also be positioned against skin.

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42
Q

Seven Sclulpting Procedures.

A

1 Section. 2 Position Head. 3 part. 4 Distribute. 5 Project. 6. Position Fingers/Shears. 7 Sculpt design line

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43
Q

Sculpting head in an

A

Upright position achieves the most natural result

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44
Q

Sculpting head in a forward position.

A

produces head lengths that are shorter in the nape and longer surface lengths , slight under bevel

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45
Q

Sculpting hair in a

A

Tilted position also used to refine form line.

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46
Q

What are the 6 common parting lines?

A

Horizontal, Diagonal Back, Concave, Diagonal Forward, Vertical Convex

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47
Q

Concave

A

When lines curve inward like a sphere

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48
Q

Convex

A

When lines curve outward like the outside of a sphere

49
Q

What are the 4 types of distribution?

A

Natural, Perpendicular, Shifted, Directional.

50
Q

Natural Fall is ?

A

The direction the hair falls naturally due to gravity, used with solid forms and with horizontal , Diagonal back and forward partings

51
Q

Perpendicular is?

A

When hair is combed at a 90 degree or right angle from its base parting, primarily used in graduated and layered forms, used with vertical , horizontal or diagnol base parts

52
Q

What is Shifted?

A

When hair is combed out of natural distribution in any direction except perpendicular to the base part, used for more forms except solid and used to create length increases and blending within form

53
Q

What is Directional Distribution?

A

Celestial axis is used to visualize distribution. Hair is usually sculpted straight up (Vertical) or straight out (horizontal) from the head. Results in lengths increases and is usually used in planar sculpting.

54
Q

Planar Sculpting

A

Requires directional distribution and utilizes a technique in which the line is sculpted along the side and back planes

55
Q

Projection is also known as ____?

A

Elevation

56
Q

Elevation is ?

A

The angle at which the hair is held in relation to the curve of the head.

57
Q

Low projection angles are

A

0 degree between 30 degree

58
Q

medium projection angle are?

A

Between 30 and 60 degree

59
Q

High projection is?

A

between 60 and 90 degree

60
Q

Projection below 90

A

Produces weight and projection 90 and above makes layers

61
Q

0 projection/ natural fall

A

Neither lifted or moved away from scalp, usually in nape area, used for solid form

62
Q

standard projection is 45

A

First section projected establishes the line of inclination. The high the projection angle the greater the graduated texture and line of inclination will be. For Graduated form

63
Q

Increased layered form projection

A

O. 45, 90 angle is used. Uses conversion layering technique

64
Q

Uniformly layered / normal projection

A

Angle 90 is used from the curve of the head

65
Q

PARALLEL SCULPTING

A

Fingers are parallel to part

66
Q

Non-parallel

A

Positioned unequally away from part for exaggerated length increases and controls weight development

67
Q

Design line is?

A

An artistic pattern or length guide used while sculpting

68
Q

A stationary design line

A

Used for progressional lengths in the opposite direction desired. Used to sculpt solid, increase layered, and to achieve weight area in graduated form

69
Q

A mobile design line/traveling guide

A

When small amounts of hair from previously sculpted part are used to guide length in current part. Used for graduated, sculpted and layered forms as well as square combinations

70
Q

Cross-checking

A

Final stages after sculpted when the opposite of original partying structure to check design accuracy

71
Q

Texturizing

A

Also known as tapering or thinning. Involves sculpting shorter lengths within the form or at the perimeter to reduce bulk and create support, closeness, fullness, mobility and visual texture without shortening overall length of hair

72
Q

Coarse textured hair

A

Should be texturized 1 and 1/2 inch away from scalp

73
Q

Medium textured hair

A

Should be texturized 1 inch away from scalp

74
Q

Fine textured hair

A

Should be texturized 1/2 away from scalp

75
Q

Curly textured hair

A

Should be texturized while dry for more control and shrinkage factor

76
Q

Texturizing at base

A

Creates expansion and fullness and removes weight, shorter lengths support longer lengths

77
Q

Midstrand texturizing

A

Between the end and the base up to 1 inch before ends, reduces bulk and weight and also sorer lengths support longer lengths to to create fullness or contoured affect

78
Q

End texturizing

A

Reduces weight and mobility and shortens the ends and helps blend weight lines

79
Q

3 main categories of texturizing are?

A

Form line tapering, Countour tapering, and expansion tapering.

80
Q

Notching is

A

Creates irregular lengths; ideal for curly or wavy hair

81
Q

Bevel-up

A

Blade is positioned on top of the section of hair, produces slight upward turn of the ends

82
Q

Bevel-under

A

Blade is positioned. Behind section and moved in curved strokes

83
Q

Pointing

A

Tips of straight shears are used to create subtle irregular lengths

84
Q

End tapering with taper shears

A

Creates distinct, regular alternation of shorter and longer lengths

85
Q

Razor etching

A

Ends of hair is carved into using a back and forth motion

86
Q

Slithering

A

Shares are opened and closed rhythmically while moving upward from ends; removes bulk and creates mobility

87
Q

Slide cutting

A

slightly closed shears slide along the strand to produce a rapid length increase

88
Q

Contour tapering

A

Usually performed at the mid strand and ends to reduce bulk and allow hair to lay closer to the head

89
Q

Razor rotation

A

Rotating razor and comb in a light circular motion to reduce bulk and blend form, hair should be damp.

90
Q

Expansion tapering

A

Usually performed near the base or mid strand to create expansion and volume.

91
Q

Low Gradation

A

Above perimeter hairline, just below occipital. Least amount of transparency

92
Q

Medium gradation

A

Extends above occipital into the interior

93
Q

High Gradation

A

Max transparency and extends above occipital into the interior

94
Q

Widows peak

A

A prominent hair growth pattern that forms at the front hairline and curves to one side

95
Q

Cowlick

A

A strong growth pattern that moves to the right or left usually wavy or straight @ crown hairline

96
Q

Whorls

A

Strong circular directional growth , grows on nape or crown

97
Q

Fringe is?

A

The hair that partially/completely covers forehead

98
Q

Nape is?

A

Hair that covers area at back of neck.

99
Q

End texturizing

A

Reduces weight and mobility and shortens the ends and helps blend weight lines

100
Q

3 main categories of texturizing are?

A

Form line tapering, Countour tapering, and expansion tapering.

101
Q

Notching is

A

Creates irregular lengths; ideal for curly or wavy hair

102
Q

Bevel-up

A

Blade is positioned on top of the section of hair, produces slight upward turn of the ends

103
Q

Bevel-under

A

Blade is positioned. Behind section and moved in curved strokes

104
Q

Pointing

A

Tips of straight shears are used to create subtle irregular lengths

105
Q

End tapering with taper shears

A

Creates distinct, regular alternation of shorter and longer lengths

106
Q

Razor etching

A

Ends of hair is carved into using a back and forth motion

107
Q

Slithering

A

Shares are opened and closed rhythmically while moving upward from ends; removes bulk and creates mobility

108
Q

Slide cutting

A

slightly closed shears slide along the strand to produce a rapid length increase

109
Q

Contour tapering

A

Usually performed at the mid strand and ends to reduce bulk and allow hair to lay closer to the head

110
Q

Razor rotation

A

Rotating razor and comb in a light circular motion to reduce bulk and blend form, hair should be damp.

111
Q

Expansion tapering

A

Usually performed near the base or mid strand to create expansion and volume.

112
Q

Low Gradation

A

Above perimeter hairline, just below occipital. Least amount of transparency

113
Q

Medium gradation

A

Extends above occipital into the interior

114
Q

High Gradation

A

Max transparency and extends above occipital into the interior

115
Q

Widows peak

A

A prominent hair growth pattern that forms at the front hairline and curves to one side

116
Q

Cowlick

A

A strong growth pattern that moves to the right or left usually wavy or straight @ crown hairline

117
Q

Whorls

A

Strong circular directional growth , grows on nape or crown

118
Q

Fringe is?

A

The hair that partially/completely covers forehead

119
Q

Nape is?

A

Hair that covers area at back of neck.

Chapter 9 Hair Sculpting (1 decks)

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