Chapter Nineteen Flashcards
(35 cards)
Popular Sovereignty
authority derived form the people rather than from God or tradition
3 classes called “Estates” or the orders of France
1st estate consisted of the clergy
2nd estate consisted of the nobility
3rd estate consisted of everyone else
Bourgeoisle
elite of wealthy commoners who were merchants, manufacturers, and professionals
A body of deputies from the three estates or orders
The Estates General
Tennis Court Oath
they agree not to separate until they had given France a constitution
Bastille
July 14th 1789, a huge fortified prison that symbolized royal authority
Great Fear
a period of panic and riot by rural peasants amid rumors of an aristocratic conspiracy to overthrow the Third Estate
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen proclaimed
“men are born and remain free and equal in rights”
Political clubs French devotedly radical republican, left wing group
Jacobin(s)
The slogans and values that will define the revolution
Liberty
Equality
Fraternity
Marat was assassinated by Charlotte Corday, a Girondin Sympathizer
Convention agreed to establish-
revolutionary armies, Committee of Public Safety
Between September 5, 1793 and July 27, 1794- this period is called the
Reign of Terror
French Enlightenment thinkers believed if they could just get rid of ______ humanity would enter a new Golden Age
Religion, monarchy, and inequality
To replace the Catholic Church
Cult of Reason
Cult of the Supreme Being
Fearing for the safety of its members, in July 1794, the Convention ended the terror by arresting and executing
Robespierre and his followers
Dies with Robespierre- France will enter a period of uncertainty
fear of another terror or a return to the oppressive monarchy that preceded it
Next the Directory sent Napoleon and an army in Egypt in 1798
the hopes of cutting off the British trade routes to India
2nd century BC artifact will unlock the last Ancient Egyptian culture
Rosetta Stone
The Consulate- Napoleon became ____ a title revived form the ancient Roman Republic
First Consul
Napoleon created an administrative Bureaucracy based on the ancient Roman _______ relationship
patron client
Napoleon’s Civil Accomplishments- The Civil Code of 1804
it did not allow privileges based on birth (such as nobility). It allowed freedom of religion, equal protection under law for all males
Napoleons military innovations
- creation of the Grand Armee
- the corps
- artillery
- spy network
It is regarded as the greatest victory achieved by Napoleon
Auster litz
Annexing territories Napoleon- innovations
Napoleon abolished serfdom
eliminated seigneurial dues
introduced the Napoleonic code
Suppressed monasteries,
subordinated church to state
and extended civil rights to Jews
