chapter28

Question 1

troposphere

Answer 1

a layer extending am average of 12 km above earth’s surface

Question 2

temperature inversion

Answer 2

occurs when air temperature increases with altitude and the air becomes stable

Question 3

greenhouse effect

Answer 3

is a natural process in which certain gases in the atmosphere warm a planet as the absorb and emit infrared radiation

Question 4

how are the atmosphere be divided into layers

Answer 4

differences in composition and temperature

Question 5

what gas makes up the majority of the atmosphere

Answer 5

nitrogen

Question 6

what gas makes up 21 percent of the atmosphere

Answer 6

oxygen

Question 7

what is the remaining 1 percent remaining gases in the earth’s atmosphere

Answer 7

trace gases and argon

Question 8

does altitude increase or decrease in the troposphere

Answer 8

decrease

Question 9

how many layers are in the earth’s atmosphere

Answer 9

5

Question 10

what are the layers called of the atmosphere closet from furthest

Answer 10

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere,, thermosphere, exosphere

Question 11

what layer is the o-zone layer found in

Answer 11

stratosphere

Question 12

within the mesosphere does the temperature increase or decrease

Answer 12

decrease

Question 13

does the thermosphere and exosphere effect the weather

Answer 13

no

Question 14

how much solar radiation does the earth absorb

Answer 14

50 percent

Question 15

how much radiation is reflected by land and sea surface

Answer 15

5 percent

Question 16

how much radiation is absorbed by particles

Answer 16

20 percent

Question 17

how much radiation reflected back by clouds

Answer 17

25 percent

Question 18

what are the three basic clouds types

Answer 18

stratus, cumulus and and cirris

Question 19

describe stratus

Answer 19

layered sheet like clouds associated with rain

Question 20

describe cumulus

Answer 20

fluffy

Question 21

describe cirrus

Answer 21

wispy high altitude clouds

Question 22

what is the process called where water moves from the land to the atmosphere

Answer 22

water cycle

Question 23

jet stream

Answer 23

is a narrow band of fast moving, high altitude air

Question 24

Coriolis effect

Answer 24

the apparent deflection of an object due to earth’s rotation

Question 25

air mass

Answer 25

is a large volume of air with uniform moisture and temperature throughout

Question 26

weather front

Answer 26

air mass interact in zones

Question 27

how many jet streams are there in the world

Answer 27

4

Question 28

how many pressure systems

Answer 28

2

Question 29

a low pressure system is known as

Answer 29

a low L

Question 30

which way does a air flow of a low pressure system

Answer 30

counterclockwise

Question 31

what are the results of a low pressure system

Answer 31

causes the air to rise which results in cloud formation and precipitation

Question 32

what is a high pressure system known as

Answer 32

a high H

Question 33

which way does a high pressure system rotate

Answer 33

clockwise

Question 34

what are the results of a high pressure system

Answer 34

causes the air to sink which results in clear skies

Question 35

how is a cold front created

Answer 35

cold air forces warm air up

Question 36

how are warm fronts created

Answer 36

warm air rises gently above cold air

Question 37

how are warm fronts represented

Answer 37

red semi cirlce

Question 38

how are stationary fronts created

Answer 38

cold and warm air masses meet

Question 39

maritime climate

Answer 39

a climate that is strongly affected by an ocean

Question 40

continental climate

Answer 40

a climate that is not directly affected by an ocean

Question 41

sea breeze

Answer 41

blows from over the water toward land in the afternoon

Question 42

what is climate

Answer 42

is the climate long term average of weather conditions

Question 43

what is weather

Answer 43

is the day to day outside condition

Question 44

what are the 5 spheres that make up the earth's system

Answer 44

atmosphere, biosphere, cryposphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere

Question 45

what is the atmosphere

Answer 45

the air around us

Question 46

what is biosphere

Answer 46

everything organic

Question 47

what is hydrosphere

Answer 47

liquid water

Question 48

what is troposphere

Answer 48

frozen water in snow, ice, and glaciers

Question 49

what is lithosphere

Answer 49

earth's outermost layer

Question 50

what is the primary factor that affect climate of any given location

Answer 50

latitude

Question 51

where is solar radiation most intense

Answer 51

equator

Question 52

at what angles do thy sun raise hit thy tropical zone

Answer 52

90 degrees

Question 53

what angle sun rays hit the temperate zone

Answer 53

45 degrees

Question 54

what angel does the sun rays hit the polar zone

Answer 54

30 degrees

Question 55

what factors determine climate

Answer 55

mountain precipitation and water

Question 56

on the windward side what are the conditions like

Answer 56

cool and wet lots of vegetation

Question 57

what are the conditions like on the leeward side

Answer 57

warm and dry little vegetation dry air

Question 58

what is land breeze

Answer 58

the wind comes from the land and goes to the water at night

Question 59

what type of climate zone and vegetation does Lamar have

Answer 59

warm and semi arid and grassland

Question 60

global warming

Answer 60

earth's surface ocean

Question 61

el nino

Answer 61

warming the pacific

Question 62

la nina

Answer 62

oppiste of el nino which occurs when trade winds in the pacific are usually strong and surface water is colder

Question 63

what are the two changes that earth's climate under goes

Answer 63

seasonal and long-term changes

Question 64

how do seasonal changes change

Answer 64

as the earth moves around the sun

Question 65

what hemisphere experiences summer

Answer 65

the hemisphere tilted towards the sun

Question 66

how long did the earth reach it current pattern

Answer 66

3,000 year ago

Question 67

what factors could prevent a climate change

Answer 67

earths tilt and the distance from the sun

Question 68

time zone

Answer 68

is an area 15 degrees wide in which the time is the same

Question 69

rotation

Answer 69

is the spinning of earth on its axis

Question 70

revolution

Answer 70

is the motion if earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun

Question 71

ecliptic

Answer 71

is defined as the plane of earth's orbit around the sun

Question 72

solstice

Answer 72

occurs when earth's rotational axis is toward orway

Question 73

equinox

Answer 73

earth's rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn form the center of the earth to the center of the sun