Chapters 31, 35, and 34

Question 1

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Answer 1

A clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal chord

Question 2

Meninges

Answer 2

Layers of tissue protecting the brain/ They include the dura, arachnoid, and pia mater

Question 3

Cerebrum

Answer 3

Part of the brain controlling consciousness and sensory functions, emotions, and personality

Question 4

Cerebellum

Answer 4

Part of the brain controlling equilibrium and muscle coordination

Question 5

Brainstem

Answer 5

Part of the brain that controls most automatic functions of the body

Question 6

Concussion

Answer 6

Mild injury that causes temporary loss of brain function

Question 7

Contusion

Answer 7

Injury that causes bruising or swelling of the brain

Question 8

Subdural Hematoma

Answer 8

Bleeding between the brain and dura mater

Question 9

Epidural Hematoma

Answer 9

Bleeding between the dura mater and skull

Question 10

Laceration

Answer 10

A wound that penetrates the brain

Question 11

Heniation

Answer 11

Compression and pushing of the brain through the foramen magnum

Question 12

Flexion Posturing

Answer 12

A posture in which the patient arches the back and flexes the arms inward toward the chest. A sign of serious head injury. Aka decorticate posturing

Question 13

Extension Posturing

Answer 13

A posture in which the patient arches the back and extends the arms straight out parallel to the body. A sign of serious head injury. Aka decerebrate posturing

Question 14

Consensual Reflex

Answer 14

Same or similar reaction of the unstimulated pupil when the other pupil is stimulated, as when light is shined into one pupil and both pupils contract

Question 15

Raccoon Sign

Answer 15

Discoloration of tissue around eye suggestive of basilar skull injury

Question 16

Battle Sign

Answer 16

Discoloration of the mastoid suggesting basilar skull fracture

Question 17

Cushing Reflex

Answer 17

Syndrome of increased systolic pressure, decreased heart rate, and changed respiratory pattern indiction severe head injury

Question 18

Diplopia

Answer 18

Double vision

Question 19

Retrograde Amnesia

Answer 19

Inability to remember circumstances prior to an incident

Question 20

Anterograde Amnesia

Answer 20

Inability to remember circumstances after an incident

Question 21

Peritoneal Space

Answer 21

The anterior abdominal cavity that houses the majority of the abdominal organs

Question 22

Retroperintoneal Cavity

Answer 22

The space located behind the peritoneal cavity

Question 23

Peritonitis

Answer 23

Irritation and inflammation of the abdominal lining

Question 24

Kehr Sign

Answer 24

Severe shoulder pain referred from a hemorrhaging injury within the abdominal cavity

Question 25

Abdominal Evisceration

Answer 25

Abdominal organ protrusion through an open wound

Question 26

Pneumothorax

Answer 26

Air in the pleural space causing collapse of the lung

Question 27

Sucking Chest Wound

Answer 27

An open wound to the chest that permits air to enter into the thoracic cavity

Question 28

Tension Pneumothorax

Answer 28

Severe buildup of air and pressure in the thoracic cavity

Question 29

Flail Segment

Answer 29

Two of more adjacent ribs that are fractured in two or more places and thus move independently from the rest of the rib cage

Question 30

Paradoxical Motion

Answer 30

A section of the chest that moves in the opposite direction to the rest of the chest during the phases of respiration. Typically seen with a flail segment

Question 31

Pulmonary Contusion

Answer 31

Bleeding within the lung tissue that causes a disturbance in gas exchange between the alveoli and the capillaries

Question 32

Open Pnuemothorax

Answer 32

An open wound to the chest that allows air to enter the pleural space and cause a collapsed lung

Question 33

Hemothorax

Answer 33

Blood in the pleural space, causing a collapsed lung

Question 34

Traumatic Asphyxia

Answer 34

Severe and sudden compression of the thorax that causes a rapid increase in the pressure within the chest

Question 35

Cardiac Contusion

Answer 35

A cardiac injury following severe blunt trauma to the chest where the heart is violently compressed between the sternum and the spinal column, causing a bruise to the heart wall

Question 36

Commotio Cordis

Answer 36

Sudden cardiac arrest that results from a projectile, such as a baseball, striking the anterior chest

Question 37

Pericardial Tamponade

Answer 37

Blood or Fluid filling the fibrous sac around the heart, causing compression of the heart

Question 38

Hemoptysis

Answer 38

Coughing up blood or blood stained sputnum