test/result for solution with chloride ions
add dilute nitric acid and a few drops of silvernitrate –> white precipitate
test/result for solution with bromide ions
add dilute nitric acid and a few drops of silvernitrate –> cream precipitate
test/result for solution with iodide ions
add dilute nitric acid and a few drops of silvernitrate –> yellow precipitate
test/result for solution with sulfate ions
add dilute hydrochloric acid and a few drops of barium chloride solution –> white precipitate
test/result for solution with carbonate ions
add dilute hydrochloric acid or nitric acid –>solution turns cloudy in limewater
test/result for solution with ammonium ions
add aqueous sodium hydroxide to the solid and warm the mixture , red damp litmus paper will turn blue
test/result copper(ii) ions
add aqueous sodium hydroxide –> blue precipitate
test/result iron(ii) ions
add aqueous sodium hydroxide –> green precipitat
test/result iron(iii) ions
add aqueous sodium hydroxide –> brown precipitate
test/result for oxygen
glowing splint –> relights in oxygen
test/result for carbondioxide
limewater —> turns milky
test/result for chlorine
damp blue litmus paper turns red, then white (bleaching)
test/result for ammonia
damp red litmus paper turns blue
test/result for Na+
flame test –>yellow/orange flame
test/result for K+
flame test –>lilac flame
test/result for Ca2+
flame test –>brick red flame
test/result for Li+
flame test –>red
test for hydrogen
mix with air and ignite/burns with a squeaky pop
test for alkenes
turns brown bromine water colourless
test for water
turns CoCl paper from blue to pink, or turns anhydrous CuSO4 from white to blue