Chemical Bonding Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chemical Bonding Deck (17)
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0
Q

Define ionic bonding.

A

The loss and gain of electrons.

1
Q

What is the term for an atom that has lost or gained electrons?

A

Ion.

2
Q

Define covalent bonding.

A

The sharing of electrons.

3
Q

What is an element?

A

Elements are substances made up of only one atom.

4
Q

Where are elements listed?

A

Elements are listed in the periodic table.

5
Q

What order are elements put in on the periodic table?

A

Elements are put in the order of their atomic number.

6
Q

Vertical columns of elements are known as…?

A

Groups.

7
Q

In an atom, where are the protons and neutrons?

A

The protons and neutrons are in the nucleus.

8
Q

In an atom, where are the electrons?

A

The electrons are on the outer shells.

9
Q

What is the relative mass of an electron?

A

1/1840 unit.

10
Q

What is the relative mass of proton/neutron?

A

1 unit.

11
Q

What are the charges?

A
Proton= +1
Neutron= 0
Electron= -1
12
Q

Explain covalent bonding.

A

Covalent bonding is the sharing of electrons. For example two hydrogen atoms want to gain one more electron each to gain a full shell, so they share their electrons.

13
Q

Explain ionic bonding.

A

Ionic bonding is the loss and gain of electrons in order to have a full outer shell. For example, Sodium has one electron on its outer shell, so it needs to lose one electron to have a full outer shell. Chlorine has 7 electrons on its outer shell and needs one more to have a full shell. Sodium gives away an electron to Chlorine. Now they are attracted and bond.

14
Q

What is the term for a bond of 2 or more elements?

A

Compound.

15
Q

Ionic compounds tend to be…

A

Solids
high melting points
Soluble in water
Conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water.

16
Q

Covalent compounds tend to be…

A

Liquids/ gases
Low melting points
Insoluble in water
Don’t conduct electricity.