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Chemo Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

CYP3A4 inducers May decrease drug activity for example St John’s wort and

Also avoid CYP3A4 inhibitors which may increase drug activity, for example and grapefruit juice , Ketoconazole, and erythromycin be

A

Axinib (Inlyta) take two times a day, 12 hours apart.
Bortezomib ( velcade)
Exemestane (Aromasin) take after a meal
Dasatinib (Sprycel) don’t crush
Erlotinib (tarceva)
Lapatinib( Tykerb) take on an empty stomach. One hour before or two hours after meals. Take same time everyday with a full glass of water

Everolimus (Afinitor) take same time each day
Tamoxifen (nolvadex) take same time each day
Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) take with a meal
Sunitinib (sutent)
Sorafenib (Nexavar)

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2
Q

Bexarotene (Targretin)

A

GRAPEFRUIT JUICE juice may increase concentration and

LIMIT VITAMIN A intake to greater than or equal to 1,500 IU per day to avoid possible ADDICTIVE toxicity with this drug

Take as a single dose with food.

CLUE: The XA =”A”ddictive in Bexarotene ; “Targret” for less than 1500 IU and to avoid grapefruit juice to be safe

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3
Q

Bortezomib ( velcade)

A

Green tea should be avoided while taking this drug, especially in liquid and capsule forms.

CYP3A4 Inhibitors or inducers may alter this drug activity so monitor closely

Drug can be taking intravenous or subcutaneously

Clue: zombies are green

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4
Q

Busulfan (Myleran)

A

Side effects are nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, MUCOSITIS

Avoid aspirin while taking this drug

This drug should be taken on an empty stomach.

For chronic leukemia

Clue: bufferin is an aspirin Myleran , M= mucositis

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5
Q

Capecitabine (Xeloda)

A

Side effects are nausea vomiting and diarrhea and myelosuppression and hand foot syndrome

Altered coagulation may happen when taken with Warfarin so monitor closely.

Vitamin B6 (a dose of 50 to 100 mg, 2 to 3 times a day) may help to prevent or reduce the incidence and severity of hand-foot syndrome.

Clue: tell Bill to take a Loda his feet or could get blood clots..

Take this drug within 30 minutes of a meal with a full glass of water.

Colon and metastatic breast cancers

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6
Q

Cetuximab (Erbitux)

A

Side effects are nausea vomiting diarrhea and constipation. LOW MAGNESIUM

Monitor magnesium (1.5-2.4) and calcium (8.5-10.2) levels closely.

At-risk population are elderly people who have hypomagnesemia at Baseline, and patients who have received prior treatment with oxaliplatin (Eloxatin)

Monoclonal antibodies/ EGFR

Clue: the peanut character wears a tux. Most nuts are a good source of calcium and magnesium. But peanuts are low in calcium and magnesium. So we would need to monitor these levels in the peanut character to keep his bones strong . And those with colorectal and head and neck cancers should not eat peanuts

Drug for cancers o fColorectal and head and neck

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7
Q

Chlorambucil (leukeran)

A

Side effects include nausea, vomiting, hyperuricemia (elevated Uric acid in the blood)

There is a risk of toxicity if barbituate have been taken

Take this drug on an empty stomach, either one hour before meals or two hours after meals

Used for pancreatic cancer

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8
Q

Cisplatin (platinol)

A

Side effects are: nausea, vomiting , METALLIC TASTE and kidney toxicity, LOW MAGNESIUM, Peripheral neuropathy, loss of appetite, taste changes( taste like Platinum)

HYDRATION IS IMPORTANT to prevent nephrotoxicity, MAY NEED IV FLUIDS

Carefully monitor renal function or, <7 BUN ; .
<0.6w or <0.8m creatinine, <1.5 magnesium ,<8.5 calcium, <135 sodium and <3.5 potassium levels.

At-risk elderly, renal pts, and those with hypomagnesemia

OMEGA 3 & TURMERIC & milk thistle ENHANCES BENEFITS

Bladder, cervical, esophageal, head and neck, lung, ovarian,prostate, testicular

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9
Q

Dasatinib (Sprycel)

Type of cancer?

A

Avoid St John’s wort and phenobarbital which may decrease drug activity

Avoid grapefruit juice ketoconazole and erythromycin which may increase drug activity

Do not crush or cut drug

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10
Q

Deferasiox ( Exjade)

Type of cancer?

A

If this drug is not fully dissolved it can cause diarrhea

This drug contains lactose. So it may cause diarrhea in lactose intolerant patients

Recommend lactase enzyme supplement with dosing

Dissolve tablets completely in water before taking

Clue: you must try to get the patient to DEFER to using SOIX milk instead of cow milk because this product contains LACTOSE which causes DIARRHEA. If the patient uses this product they must also use a LACTASE ENZYME supplement and completely DISSOLVE this and water before taking it to avoid diarrhea.

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11
Q

Erlotinib ( tarceva)

A

SIDE EFFECTS nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, low appetite, hand-foot syndrome and rash

NO St John’s Wort or phenobarbital, grapefruit juice or erythromycin

Take on an empty stomach either one hour before meals or two hours after meals. Take same time everyday with a full glass of water.

for pancreatic & lung ca

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor ; targets inside of cell

Clue; Tarzan lives in the jungle where he often has empty stomach for lack of food. Which often causes him nausea vomiting diarrhea rash and Lou appetite. He also uses his hands and feet swing around the jungle. With limited food he eats same time every day and drinks plenty of water.

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12
Q

Everolimus ( afinitor)

Type of cancer?

A

Drug activity May decrease if taken with st. John’s Wort or phenobarbital

Drug activity may increase of taking with grapefruit juice or erythromycin

Do not chew or Crush

Take once a day at the same time

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13
Q

Fluorouracil ( 5-fu)

A

Side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucositis

Have patient melt ice chips in their mouth 10 to 15 min pre and post IV infusion to reduce chances of mucositis

Hand -foot syndrome is common, use B6 supplements (50 to 100 mg, 2 to 3 times a day) to avoid this

Clue: it has 5 side effects, nausea, vomiting ,diarrhea mucositis, hand-foot syndrome
(5FU) F=foot, U= u love ice for mUcositis

Breast, colorectal, GI, head and neck, pancreatic, and ovarian

Anti-metabolite, cell cycle specific

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14
Q

Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec)

G i s t

A

This is a protein targeted therapy

Side effects include, rash, hand-foot syndrome, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, poor appetite, hair turns White

Avoid St John’s wort and grapefruit juice

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15
Q

Lapatinib ( Tykerb)

A

Drug activity may increase if grapefruit juice or erythromycin… And St John’s Wort…

Do not chew or crush

Take on an empty stomach either one hour before meals or two hours after meals and take with a full glass of water

Clue: Lapatinib ( TykErb) E= empty stomach

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16
Q

Melphalan (Alkeran)

A

Side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and mucositis

Premedicate with an anti-nausea medication 1 hour before the dose of this medication

Encourage small frequent meals and snacks

Take on an empty stomach either one hour before meals or two hours after meals

Alkylating agent for Breast, & ovarian cancers
Women’s cancers… for Mel(anie) & Keran

Clue: MelphalaN (Alkeran) M= mucositis, N=nausea(premedicate, small frequent meals, and empty stomach)

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17
Q

Mercaptopurine (6- MP)

A

Side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and mucositis and hyperuricemia

Avoid consuming Dairy containing foods when taking

Take on an empty stomach 1 hour before meals or two hours after meals

Leukemia’s

Clue: Mercaptopurine, M=mucositis
MP or military police can’t do dairy unless it’s on an empty stomach or they’ll get diarrhea, nausea vomiting mucositis and hyperuricemia

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18
Q

Methotrexate, Folex or Rheumatrex (MTX)

A

Side effects include nausea, mucositis oral and Gi ulcerations, sensitive to light

Avoid folic acid & alcohol

Take on an empty stomach either one hour before or two hours after meals
Clue: even though you must avoid the sunlight, DON’T TREXs the strip at Carbondale for ALCOHOL & if you sleep around and get pregnant DON’T do FOLIC ACID or you will get nausea oral and GI sores and mucositis
Bladder, breast, and neck
You

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19
Q

Nilotinib ( Tasigna)

A

Grapefruit juice may increase drug

This drug contains lactose so lactose intolerant patients May experience diarrhea

Recommend lactase enzyme supplement with dosing

Take on an empty stomach with water

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20
Q

Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin)

A

Side effects include nausea , vomiting, diarrhea, sensitivity to cold, hand- foot syndrome

Minimize exposure to cold for up to 5 days after the infusion by avoiding handling, eating and drinking cold or frozen foods. Sensitivity to cold May persist for longer periods of time with subsequent dosing

CLUE: he loxs the refrigerator to avoid eating cold food, and getting nausea vomiting diarrhea and cold hands and feet

Vitamin B6, a dose of 50 to 100 mg, 2 to 3 times a day, may help to prevent or reduce the severity of hand-foot syndrome

Colorectal, pancreatic, gastroesophageal cancers

This is an alkylating agent, cell cycle non specific

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21
Q

Panitumumab (Vectibix)

A

Side effects are diarrhea (in the bed pan) and fatigue

Can cause low magnesium, Monitor magnesium levels
Clue: PanituMUMab = MagnesiUM

At-risk are the elderly and patients with low magnesium

For colorectal cancer

Is a monoclonal antibody / EGFR

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22
Q

Pemetrexed (Alimta)

A

Side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and fatigue, SEVERE ANEMIA
Clue: Pemetrexed (AlimtA)= AnemiA

To prevent possible SEVERE ANEMIA:

  • Folic acid, 350-1000mg, orally should be started at week one before the first treatment daily throughout treatment and post-treatment
  • vitamin B12 (1000 mg) injections should be given every three Cycles beginning week one before the first treatment and continually through treatment

For lung cancer and mesothelioma

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23
Q

Procarbazine Hydrochloride ( Matulane)

A

Side effects are CONSTIPATION, diarrhea, DRY MOUTH

Follow a low tyramine diet when on this and for two weeks after. Tyramine Foods include ALL CAFFEINE AND ALCOHOL, beer, red wine, Sherry, distilled Spirits, brewer’s yeast, Fava beans, raspberries, figs, dried fruits,( raisins and prunes,) avocados, bananas, miso soup, soy sauce, sauerkraut, aged or strong cheese ( cheddar, gruyere, manchego, Gouda, blue, parmesan), anchovies and caviar, beef and chicken livers, meat extract, meat such as sausage, bologna, pepperoni, and salami.
USED FOR BRAIN TUMORS

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24
Q

Regorafenib (Stivarga)

A

Side effects include anorexia, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and mucositis of COLON CA TX

High-fat meals can alter the absorption of drug

Take meals in the morning with a low fat meal that contains less than or equal to 8 grams of fat

Clue: RegoraFenib (Stivarga)= F=low fat (8 letters=8g)

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25
Spiuleucel- T (Provenge)
Avoid caffeine on the day of leukapheresis Drink more water than usual on the day of treatment Consume a calcium rich breakfast prior to receiving this treatment Clue; SpiuleuCel- T =C = avoid Caffeine/eat Calcium A vaccine for prostate cancer
26
Streptozocin (Zanosar) Not sure what type of cancer used
This drug Alters glucose metabolism, or causes HYPOglycemia, and some patients. This drug is given intravenously Clue: Streptozocin (ZanosAR)= SugAR Torisel causes HYPERglycemia
27
Sorafenib (Nexavar) Used for liver or kidney ca
Side effects include anorexia, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea , hand-foot syndrome, rash, White hair Avoid St John's Wort, phenobarbital, and dexamethasone as they may decrease drug activity Also avoid CYP3A4 inhibitors which may increase drug activity, for example and grapefruit juice , Ketoconazole, and erythromycin Take on an empty stomach, either one hour before meals or two hours after meals Take with a full glass of water This is a protein targeted therapy, Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor; it targets inside cell
28
Sunitinib (Sutent) GIST, renal cell cancer, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor
This is a protein targeted therapy, Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor; it targets inside cell Side effects are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, poor appetite, hand-foot syndrome, rash, hair turns white. Avoid st. John's Wort and phenobarbital as it may decrease drug activity Avoid grapefruit juice, Ketoconazole, and erythromycin is it may increase drug activity
29
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) Anti estrogen agent for breast cancer
Side effects include hot flashes, nausea, vomiting, weight gain, fluid retention, peripheral edema Avoid st. John's wort and phenobarbital Avoid grapefruit juice, Ketoconazole and erythromycin Avoid antacids within 2 hours of taking the drug Take at the same time each day Flaxseed May enhance the efficacy of tamoxifen
30
Temsirolimus (Torisel) Not sure for what cancer
Can cause hyperglycemia Can cause hyper cholesterol Streptoz (Zanosar) causes hypoglycemia
31
Temozolomide (Temodar ) For glioblastoma
Side effects include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, headache, photosensitivity, rash Take at bedtime or on an empty stomach the full glass of water Do not chew or Crush Alkylating agent; cell cycle, nonspecific drug
32
Thalidomide (Thalomid )
Causes constipation, nausea and xerostomia or dry mouth Drug interactions with barbiturates, chloropromazide and reserpine. Avoid alcohol Take at bedtime or after the evening meal Used for graft-versus-host disease in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation patients Angiogenesis inhibitor
33
Vinblastine (Velban) Breast, testicular, head and neck cancers
Side effects include mucositis, stomatitis, SEVERE constipation, hypertension, JAW PAIN Use stool softeners or laxatives to help prevent severe constipation Avoid St John's Wort , dexamethasone and grapefruit juice Clue: may need stool softeners to BLAST away the SEVERE constipation
34
Vincristine (Oncovin) Leukemia, lung cancer, neuroblastoma , Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms sarcoma, brain and thyroid cancer
Side effects are Severe Constipation, and jaw pain, decreased appetite To avoid severe constipation take stool softeners and or laxatives Omega-3 fats - May enhance clinical benefit Avoid St John's Wort, phenobarbital, dexamethasone Avoid grapefruit juice, Ketoconazole, and erythromycin This is a vinca alkaloid
35
Zoledronic Acid (Zometa ) Given for bone metastases or bone pain
Patient should take an oral supplement of 500 mg of calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D daily when taking this medication This is given intravenously
36
Side effects of Monoclonal Antibodies, or chemotherapy that targets outside the cells
Infusion related symptoms: fever, chills, fatigue Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Mild. Cardiotoxicity: Despina and peripheral edema Myelosuppression Pulmonary toxicity Skin rash and hand-foot syndrome
37
Side effects of Protein Targeted Therapies, or chemotherapy that targets INSIDE the cell
``` Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and poor appetite Rash Hand-foot syndrome Cardiotoxicity Hair turns White Hypertension Bleeding ```
38
Names of Protein Targeted Therapies, or chemotherapy that targets INSIDE the cell
``` Erlotinib or tarceva Gefitinib or Iressa Imatinib or Gleevec Sorafenib or Nexavar Sunitinib or Sutent Temsirolimus or Torisel Everolimus Affinitor Bortezomib or Velcade ```
39
Examples of Monoclonal Antibodies, or chemotherapy that targets outside of the cell
``` Cd20, Ibritimomab (Zevalin) Cd20, Rituximab ( Rituxan) Her 2 Neu, Pertuzumab ( Perjeta) Her 2 Neu, Trastuzumab ( Herceptin) Her 2 Neu, Ado- Trastuzumab (Kadcyla) EGFR, Cetuximab (Erbitux) EGFR, Panitumumab (Vectibix) RANKL, Denosumab (Xgeva) RANKL, Denosumab (Prolia) ```
40
What do angiogenesis Inhibitors type of chemotherapy do
They hinder the formation of new blood vessels
41
What are the possible side effects of Angiogenesis Inhibitor type chemotherapy?
``` Hypertension Heart attack, angina, stroke Protein urea, especially with bevacizumab Bleeding GI perforation Hypothyroidism… VEGF, Bevacizumab (Aviston) Lenalidomide (revlimid) CLUE: Matt's brother lives in Aviston. He has a pig farm. Eating pigs gives these side effects eggs are a protein. you poke a pig ```
42
What are examples of Angiogenesis Inhibitor type chemotherapy
VEGF, Bevacizumab (Aviston) - proteinuria is common Lenalidomide (revlimid) Thalidomide
43
What are cytokines
A type of biotherapy chemotherapy that stimulates a broad-based immune response
44
What are the possible side effects of cytokines
Flu like symptoms like fever, chills, headache arthralgias and myalgias Fatigue and anorexia Anemia Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea Renal insufficiency and CAPILLARY LEAK SYNDROME
45
What are examples of Cytokine Therapies?
Interleukin-2 or IL-2 (Aldesleuken) Interferon-a (Roferon or Intron A)
46
What are examples of selective estrogen receptor modulators or anti estrogens? These are hormonal agents
Tamoxifen citrate or nolvadex Toremifene citrate or Fareston Raloxifene or Evista The first two are used for breast cancer Third is used for osteoporosis or postmenopausal women at risk for breast cancer Side effects include hot flashes, sweating, nausea, vomiting, weight gain, fluid retention
47
What are examples of the hormonal agents called aromatase inhibitors?
Anastrozenole or Arimidex Letrozole or femara Exemestane or Aromasin These drugs are used for breast cancer
48
What are the side effects of aromatase Inhibitors used for postmenopausal breast cancer
``` Hot flashes Mild nausea and vomiting Blood clots Fever and fatigue Joint and muscle aches and pains ``` High cholesterol with Letrozole These cause bone loss so take calcium and vitamin D if deficient
49
What are examples of hormonal agents called Progesterones and their side
Megace Side effects include Weight gain, blood clots, nausea and vomiting, hot flashes, mood changes, hyperglycemia For breast cancer, endometrial, renal cell and an appetite stimulant
50
What are examples of hormonal agents called anti-androgens and what are the side effects andwhat types of cancers are they used for?
Bicalutamide (Cadodex) Flutamide (Euladex) Used for prostate cancer Side effects include weight gain, hot flashes, fatigue, decreased libido, impotence and bone pain
51
What are examples of hormonal agents called LHRH luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and Agonists? What are there side effects and what type of cancer are they used?
``` Leuprolide acetate ( Lupron) Groserelin (zoladex) ``` Used for prostate cancer Side effects include hot flashes, fatigue, decreased libido, bone pain, gynocomastia, headache and muscle weakness
52
What are cancer vaccine Therapies?
Unlike targeted Therapies these are designed to stimulate an individual's own immune system against abnormal foreign cells such as cancer cells Today only one cancer vaccine is approved for use in men for metastatic prostate cancer and it is called sipuleucel -T (Provenge)
53
Ado- Trastuzumab (Kadcyla)
Main nutritional side effect is constipation It is for metastatic breast cancer It is a monoclonal antibody /her 2 Neu
54
Gefitinib ( Iressa)
Side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, low appetite, hand-foot syndrome, rash. For refractory non small-cell lung cancer This is a protein targeted chemo that targets the inside of a cell . A tyrosine kinase inhibitor Important to take with water!
55
Tyramine foods include:
Tyramine Foods include ALL CAFFEINE AND ALCOHOL, beer, red wine, Sherry, distilled Spirits, brewer's yeast, Fava beans, raspberries, figs, dried fruits,( raisins and prunes,) avocados, bananas, miso soup, soy sauce, sauerkraut, aged and strong Cheese's, anchovies and caviar, beef and chicken livers, meat extract, meat such as sausage, bologna, pepperoni, and salami.
56
Bendamustine (Treanda)
Side effects include nausea, vomiting fatigue, TUMOR LYSIS SYNDROME For lymphoma and leukemias This is an alkylating agent
57
Carboplatin (Paraplatin)
Side effects include nausea and vomiting, peripheral neuropathy Used to treat bladder, endometrial, head and neck, lung, and ovarian This is an Alkylating agent Clue: can't drive the CAR because you can't feel the feet or hands
58
What is the normal lab level for BUN?
7 - 22 m Eq. There is a concern if greater than 50 without renal insufficiency This lab indicates hydration status and renal function Decreased levels indicate starvation and low protein Elevated levels indicate dehydration and high protein intake
59
What is the normal lab level for creatinine?
Creatinine is a good indicator of kidney function 0.8-1.2mg/dL in males 0.6- 1.0 mg/dL in females Concern if greater than 2 - 2.5 Increased levels indicate renal failure and muscle atrophy
60
What is the normal lab level for magnesium?
1.5-2.4 mEq/L Elevated levels May indicate renal failure or excess intake of antacids Decreased levels May indicate malabsorption, diarrhea, refeeding syndrome
61
What is the normal lab level for calcium?
8.5-10.2 mg/dL Elevated levels May indicate metastatic cancer
62
Normal lab levels of sodium?
135-145mEq | Critical values greater thavvn 160
63
Normal lab values for potassium?
3.5-5.0 This gives us a clue about renal function and is a potential clue for irregular heartbeat Signs and symptoms of low potassium are cramps low blood pressure and low GI function
64
What are the normal lab values for hemoglobin?
14-18 for men 12-16 for women Elevated level dehydration Decreased level anemia, blood loss, cancer
65
What are the normal lab values for hematocrit?
40-52 % for males 37 to 47% for females Elevated levels indicate dehydration Decreased levels indicate anemia blood loss and cancer Hematocrit levels should be a packed proximately 3 times greater than hemoglobin levels
66
What are the appropriate lab values for white blood cells?
4.1 to 10.9 Below normal range could be deficiency of vitamin B12 or iron Above normal range could be dehydration
67
What is the appropriate lab value for a red blood cell count?
4. 7 to 6.1m/Eq in men 4. 5 to 5.4 m/Eq in women Low range maybe anemia, deficiency of iron or B12 or renal disease Above normal range severe dehydration or diarrhea
68
Denosumab (Xgeva)
Side effects are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, LOW CALCIUM, OSTEONECROSIS (bone death)OF THE JAW CLUE: If X g(or jaw) you must not be chewing calcium foods This drug is for bone mets Monoclonal antibody,RANKL,
69
What drugs are used for Acute nausea and vomiting?
Zofran Anzemet Kytril Aloxi These are serotonin antagonist
70
What drugs are used for chemotherapy - induced Vomiting
1) Decadron (dexamethasone) and Zofran plus Rezonic or Emend | 2) . Reglan
71
What drugs are used for | Delayed Nausea and Vomiting?
* Compazine or Phenergan. (Phenothiazines) * Reglan ( a Benzamide) * Marinol or Cesamet (Cannabinoids) * Ativan or Valium. (Benzodiazapines) * Decadron. ( a corticosteroid)
72
Which two drugs have hyperuricemia as a side effect?
Mercaptopurine (6-MP) Chlorambucil (leukeran)
73
Which three drugs have low magnesium as a side affect?
Cisplatin (platinol) Cetuximab (Erbitux) Panitumumab (Vectibix) Clue: peanuts (nuts) have magnesium... The peanut character wears a Tux (Erbitux) and comes from a "Plat" (plant)
74
With which drug should you avoid alcohol and folic acid?
Methotrexate MTX Clue: when you tracks down the streets of Carbondale you need to watch out for drinking too much alcohol getting pregnant. And if you do need to make sure you take your folic acid.
75
Trastuzumab ( Herceptin)
Side effects are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Olive oil and Avocados May improve sensitivity of drug Monoclonal antibody, Her 2 Neu, Drug used for breast cancer and metastatic gastric ca Clue: Laura HER loves to use OLIVE OIL and AVOCADO when cooking
76
Which drug has a side effect have sensitivity to cold food and drinks?
Oxaliplatin ( Eloxatin) Minimize exposure to cold for up to 5 days after the infusion by avoiding eating and drinking cold or frozen foods. Use care when handling cold or frozen foods from the refrigerator or freezer CLUE: he loxs the refrigerator to avoid eating cold food
77
Azacitidine (Vidaza)
Side effects are LOW VITAMIN K LEVELS Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue ANTI-metabolites, cell psycho specific Clue: Asa and K are friends
78
Which drugs have MUCOSITIS as a side effect?
``` Melphalan (Alkeran) Fluorouracil (5-FU) Busulfan (Myleran) Thiothepa (Thioplex) Cytarabine ( ARA-C) Mercaptopurine (6-MP) Methotrexate (MTX) Thioguanine (6-TG) Dactinomycin (Actinomycin) Mitomycin-C (Mutamycin) Daunorubicin ( Danomycin) Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) Doxorubicin ( Doxil) Epirubicin (Ellence) Idarubicin (Idamycin) Etoposide (Vepesid) Paclitaxel (Taxol) or( Abraxane) Vinblastine (Velban) ``` Consume ice chips or a frozen ice pop during the administration of 5-fu and adriamycin
79
Which chemo drugs have hand foot syndrome as a side effect?
``` Fluorouracil 5FU Doxorubicin (Adrimyacin) Doxorubicin (Doxil) Oxaliplatin ( Eloxatin) Capecitabine (Xeloda) Imatinib (Gleevec) Sorafenib (Nexavar) Sunitinib (Sutent) Gefitnib (Iressa) Erlotinib (Tarceva) ```
80
Which chemo drugs have constipation as a side
``` Vinblastine ( Velban) Vinorelbine ( Navelbine) Vincristine (Oncovin) severe; take laxatives Ado-Trastuzumab (Kadcyla) Procarbazine hydrochloride (Matulane) Cetuximab ( Erbitux) Thalidomide ( Thalomid) ```
81
Which drugs have metallic taste as a side effect?
Cisplatin (platinol) metallic taste( taste like Platinum) Etoposide ( Vepesid) Clue:. VESsel on the sea... POSeidon is the god of the sea... Men on Ancient vessels or ships had scurvy and this screwed up their TASTE
82
Etoposide ( Vepesid)
Side effects are METALLIC TASTE, anorexia, nausea, vomiting ,diarrhea, MUCOSITIS DRUG USED FOR LUNG AND GASTRIC CANCER
83
Vinorelbine (Navelbine)
Side effects include CONSTIPATION, STOMATITIS anorexia, nausea and vomiting Used to softener to avoid constipation Clue: you are tummy (navel) is upset when you have constipation This drug is used for breast, ovarian and lung CA
84
Olive oil can improve the sensitivity of which chemotherapy drugs?
``` Doxorubicin (Adrimyacin) Cisplatin (platinol) Vincristine ( Oncovin) Paclitaxel (Taxol) Trastuzumab (Herceptin) ```
85
Doxorubicin (Adrimyacin)
Side effects of this drug are mucositis, nausea and vomiting , diarrhea, hand-foot syndrome, anorexia, RED ORANGE URINE OMEGA-3 AND COENZYME Q-10 and THEANINE in tea MAY DECREASE TOXICITY Olive oil improves sensitivity, Theanine in tea enhances benefits DRUG for breast, ovarian, liver, Lung, prostate, head and neck Known as the Red Devil 4X red urine Adriamycin,a=anorexia, d=diarrhea, m=mucositis
86
Doxorubicin liposomal (doxil)
Side effects include mucositis, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and foot syndrome, red orange urine This drug is for ovarian cancer
87
Paclitaxel (taxol)
Side effects are diarrhea and mucositis Omega 3s May reduce toxicity Stay hydrated on this drug This drug is for bladder, breast, ovarian, head and neck, esophageal, lung ,prostate ; pancreatic Clue:" Pacs " of tuna in water may take the "tax" of toxicity off this drug
88
Cyclophosphamide (cytoxan)
Side effects include nausea and vomiting and bladder toxicity Important to take with three liters of fluid per day and Instruct the patient to empty their bladder every 2 to 3 hours during the day and night to avoid bladder toxicity If given a high dose, Mesna should also be given to prevent bleeding cysts. This drug increases the effect of anticoagulants. Take this drug earlier in the day Clue; it is TOXIC TO THE BLADDER This drug is for breast and ovarian cancers
89
Axinib (Inlyta)
CYP3A4 INDUCER decrease DRUG ACTIVITY WITH ST JOHN'S WORT AND PHENOBARBITAL AND MAY ALSO INCREASE DRUG ACTIVITY WITH GRAPEFRUIT JUICE Take this drug twice a day but 12 hours apart
90
Thiothepa (Thioplex)
Side effects include nausea, vomiting, mucositis Renal toxicity, rash, and bronzing of the skin Treatment for bladder, breast and ovarian
91
Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
Side effects include nausea vomiting, pulmonary, flu like symptoms May cause clay colored stool 4 bladder, breast, ovarian, pancreatic, lung Most often used for pancreatic cancers
92
Mitomycin (mutamycin)
Side effects include nausea vomiting, mucositis, diarrhea, anorexia Cancer of anus, bladder, breast, esophagus, head and neck, lung, pancreas and stomach Clue: Mitomycin (mutamycin) M= mucositis
93
Epirubicin (Ellence)
Side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucositis Skin rash and red orange urine For breast in gastric cancer Clue: Ellen is a girl, she has breasts / girls have red urine... Ellen is always "rub"bing her stomach because it is upset (nausea...) Epi= skin rash
94
What drugs are used for ACUTE NAUSEA AND VOMITING?
Zofran Aloxxi Anzemet Kytril
95
Which drugs cause HYPO MAGNESIUM ?
Cetuximab ( Erbitux) Panitumumab (Vectibix) Cisplatin (platinol)
96
Which drugs cause hypocalcemia and osteonecrosis of the jaw
Denosumab (xgeva) | Denosumab (Prolia)
97
Which drugs cause tumor lysis syndrome?
Rituximab (Rituxan) Bendamustine ( Treanda) Tumor lysis syndrome occurs when large numbers of cancer cells are killed rapidly, leading to the release of byproducts into the circulation. Can cause hyperuricemia,hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and acute kidney injury.
98
For fat malabsorption what type of drug is used in what amount?
Pancreatic enzymes are used with each meal or snack that contains fat. Use 4000 units of lipase perm 5 to 7 grams of fat or 30,000 to 40000 lipase units per meal and 10000 lipase units per snack or 500 lipase units per kilogram with meals and creasing as tolerated Do not exceed 2500 lipase units per kilogram of body weight per meal
99
What amount of Ginger extract is used for nausea?
0.5-1.0 grams
100
What bulking agent drugs are used for constipation
Bran, flaxseed or wheat germ Citrucel (methyl cellulose) Konsyl
101
What type of stool softeners are used for constipation?
Colace | Mineral oil
102
What type of laxatives are used for constipation?
Osmotic laxatives Miralax, lactulose and milk of magnesia Stimulant laxatives Carter's pills (bisacodyl) and Senokot (Senna)
103
Omega 3 fatty acids and fish oil May provide benefits in which Cancer drugs?
After 3 g daily is considered safe May reduce toxicity of Irinotecan Pacetaxel - reduces peripheral neuropathy May enhance clinical benefit of Doxorubicin( Adriamycin) Cisplatin Vincristine
104
Coenzyme Q10 May reduce the toxicity of which chemotherapy drug?
Doxorubicin ( Adriamycin) It may reduce the renal and cardiotoxicity of this drug
105
Flaxseed May influence which Cancer drug?
It may enhance the efficacy of Tamoxifen Consuming 25 g a Day May reduce tumor growth of breast cancer Consuming one to four tablespoons per day is safe Take medications one to two hours before or after consuming flaxseed
106
Theanine, and amino acid found in tea, May enhance the benefits and reduce the toxicity of which chemotherapy drugs? What is the dose of benefit?
Doxorubicin Idarubicin Dosage is 200 to 400 mg QD /BID; maximum dose of 1200 mg
107
Silymarin, an extract of milk thistle, May reduce the side effects of which cancer drug?
Cisplatin Milk thistle is Safe to take up to 1500 mg a day
108
To help avoid mucositis,which drugs can one benefit from using ice chips or an ice pop during the administration of?
5 FU and Adriamycin
109
What are the name of some Pro motility drugs used in patients using tube feedings when they're gastric feeding tubes have residual volumes?
Metaclopramide or Erythromycin
110
With which treatment is Mesna typically given to help reduce hemorrhagic cyst?
Ifosfamide (Ifex) | Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
111
Cell cycle specific chemotherapy drugs include:
``` Alkylating agents Anti-metabolites Anti-tumor antibiotics Anthracyclines Epiodophyllotoxins Taxanes Vinca Alkaloids ```
112
Drugs ending in -cin will likely have what side effects?
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea anorexia comma mucositis, red- orange urine, hand-foot syndrome
113
Drugs ending in -nib, -mus, and -mib have what side effects?
Rash, hand-foot syndrome, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite, hypertension, cardiotoxicity
114
Drugs ending in -taxel will likely have what side effects?
Diarrhea and mucositis
115
Drugs starting with a V and ending in -ine often have what side effects?
Constipation
116
For diarrhea which probiotics are best for this?
Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Not best to give probiotics during a immunotherapy
117
What is the other name for Gas-X?
Simethicone
118
What is the other word for Imodium AD
Loperamide
119
What is the other word for Reglan
Metoclopramide A Pro motility drug used in patients using tube feedings when they're gastric feeding tubes have residual volumes?
120
For a acute nausea and vomiting , what drugs?
Zofran Anzemet Kytril Aloxi
121
What are the dosages of pancreatic enzymes?
4000 units of 5 to 7 g of fat 30, 000 - 40,000 lipase units per meal 10,000 my lipase units per snack 500 lipase units per kg with meals, increase as tolerated But do not exceed 2500 units/of weight per meal

CSO 2018 (6 decks)

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