Chp 5- Digestive System Flashcards by Noor Hussein

main functions of the GI system

ingestion
digestion
absorption
elimination

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Parts of the oral cavity

cheeks, lips, hard palate, soft palate, rugae, uvula, tongue, papillae, tonsils, gums, teeth, pharynx

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

parts of tooth

crown, root, enamel, dentin, pulp, gingiva, cementum, root canal, periodontal membrane

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

parts of stomach

lower esophageal sphincter (LES), Fundus, greater curvature, lesser curvature, rugae, body, antrum, pylorus, pyloric sphincter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Parts of the digestive tract

Esophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

parts of Large intestine

Cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Parts of liver, gallbladder, pancreas

hepatic duct
cystic duct
common bile duct
pancreatic duct
duodenum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does pancreas produce

insulin and enzymes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

amylase

enzyme secreted by pancreas and salivary glands to digest starch

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

bile

digestive juice made in liver and stored in gallbladder; breaks up large fat globules; composed of bile pigments, cholesterol, and bile salts

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

bilirubin

pigment released by the liver in bile

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

deglutition

swallowing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

lipase

pancreatic enzyme needed to digest fats

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

mastication

chewing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

parotid gland

salivary glad w/in cheek, anterior to ear

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

peristalsis

rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

portal vein

large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

protease

enzyme that digests protein

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pylorus

distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

rugae

ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

triglycerides

fat molecules composed of 3 parts fatty acids and one part glycerol; subgroup of lipids

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

an/o

anus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

append/o, appendic/o

appendix

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

bucc/o

cheek

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cec/o

cecum

celi/o

belly, abdomen

cheil/o

lip

cholecyst/o

gallbladder

choledoch/o

common bile duct

col/o

colon

dent/i

tooth

duoden/o

duodenum

enter/o

intestines, usually small intestine

esophag/o

esophagus

faci/o

face

gastr/o

stomach

gingiv/o

gums

gloss/o

tongue

hepat/o

liver

ile/o

ileum

jejun/o

jejunum

labi/o

lip

lapar/o

abdomen

lingu/o

tongue

mandibul/o

lower jaw, mandible

odont/o

tooth

or/o

mouth

palat/o

palate

pancreat/o

pancreas

peritone/o

peritoneum

pharyng/o

throat

proct/o

anus and rectum

pylor/o

pyloric sphincter

rect/o

rectum

sialaden/o

salivary gland

sigmoid/o

sigmoid colon

stomat/o

mouth

uvul/o

uvula

amyl/o

strach

bil/i

gall, bile

bilirubin/o

bilirubin (bile pigment)

chol/e

gall or bile

chlorhydr/o

hydrochloric acid

glyc/o

sugar

gluc/o

sugar

glycogen/o

glycogen, animal starch

lip/o

fat

lith/o

stone

prote/o

protein

py/o

pus

sial/o

saliva, salivary

steat/o

fat

-ase

enzyme

-chezia

defaction, elimination of wastes

-iasis

abnormal condition

-prandial

meal

3 types of anastomoses (sutcures)

end to end, end to side, side to side

Anorexia

lack of appetite

ascites

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

borborygmi (borborygmus)

rumbling or gurgling noises produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the GI tract

dysphagia

difficulty in swallowing

eructation (belching)

gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth (sound)

flatus

gas expelled through the anus

hematochezia

passage of the fresh bright red blood from the rectum

jaundice (icterus)

yellow-orange colouration of the skin and whites of the eyes cause by high levels of bilirubin in the blood

melena

black tarry stools, feces containing digested blood

steatorrhea

fat in the feces; frothy, foul-smalling fecal matter

aphthous stomatitis

inflammation of the mouth with small painful ulcers (kanker sores)

dental caries

tooth decay

herpetic stomatitis

inflammation of the mouth by infection with the herpes virus

oral leukoplakia

white plaques or patches

periodontal disease

inflammation and degeneration of the gums, teeth adn surrounding bone

achalasia

failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax

esophageal varices

swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach (heart reflux)

peptic ulcer

open sore or lesion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum

hernia

protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it

anal fistula

abnormal tubelike passageway near the anus

colonic polyposis

polyps protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon

colorectal cancer

adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both

crohn disease

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

diverticulosis

abnormal side pockets (outpouchings) in the intestinal wall

dysentery

painful, inflamed intestines

hemorrhoids

swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region

ileus

failure of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines

inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

inflammation of the colon and small intestine

intussusception

telescoping of the intestines

IBD

irritated bowel syndrome

Ulcerative colitis

chronic inflammation of the colon with the presence of ulcers

volvulus

twisting of the intestines on itself

cirrhosis

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

liver cancer

pancreatic cancer

malignant tumor of the pancreas

pancreatitis

inflammation of the pancreas

viral hepatitis

inflammation of the liver caused by a virus

cholelithiasis

gallstones in the gallbladder

Chp 5- Digestive System Flashcards

(116 cards)