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RTE1513 Rad Procedures 2 > Chpt 11: Skull self test > Flashcards

Chpt 11: Skull self test Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following bones is not part of the floor of the cranium?

Temporal
Ethmoid
Occipital
Sphenoid

A

occipital

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2
Q

Which aspect of the frontal bone is thin walled and forms the forehead?

A

squamous

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3
Q

which four cranial bones articulate with the frontal bone?

A

right parietal
Left parietal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid

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4
Q

Which structures are found at the widest aspect of the skull?

A

parietal tubercles/eminences

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5
Q

What is the name of a prominent landmark (bump) found on the external surface of the occipital bone?

A

external occipital

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6
Q

List the number of individual bones that articulate with the following cranial bones:

Parietal:
Occipital:
Temporal:
Sphenoid:
Ethmoid:

A

5
6
3
7
2

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7
Q

What is the thickest and densest structure in the cranium?

A

petrous portion of temporal bone

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8
Q

the hypnosis cerebri is another term for the pituitary gland.

A

true

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9
Q

the sphenoid bone articulates with all other cranial bones

A

true

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10
Q

the shallow depression just posterior to the base of the dorsum sellae and anterior to the foramen magnum is the:

A

clivus

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11
Q

What is the name of the paired collections of bone found inferior to the cribriform plate that contains numerous air cells and help form the lateral walls of the nasal cavity?

A

lateral masses/labrinth

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12
Q

which small section of bone is located superior to the cribriform plate?

A

crista galli

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13
Q

what is the formal term for the left sphenoid fontanel in the adult?

A

left pterion

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14
Q

what is the name of the cranial suture formed by the inferior junction of the parietals to the temporal bones?

A

squamasal suture

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15
Q

What are the two terms for the small irregular bones found in the adult skull sutures?

A

Sutural/Wormian bones

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16
Q

The following structures relate to what cranial bone:

foramen magnum
lateral condylar portions
inion

A

occipital

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17
Q

The following structures relate to what cranial bone:

glabella
superciliary arch

A

frontal

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18
Q

The following structures relate to what cranial bone:

pteroid Hamulus
anterior clinoid processes
foramen ovale
sella turcica

A

sphenoid

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19
Q

The following structures relate to what cranial bone:

perpendicular plate
superior nasal conchae
cribriform plate

A

ethmoid

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20
Q

The following structures relate to what cranial bone:

zygomatic process
EAM
petrous ridge

A

temporal

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21
Q

Which of the following skull classifications applies to a soul with an angle of 54° between the midsagittal plane and the long axis of the pars petrosa?

Mesocephalic
Dolichocephalic
Brachycephalic

A

Brachycephalic

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22
Q

What is considered an average-shaped skull?

A

mesocephalic

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23
Q

Which of the following landmarks corresponds to the highest level of petrous ridge?

EAM
TEA
outer canthus
acanthion

A

TEA

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24
Q

which of the following terms is defined as the large cartilaginous aspect of the external ear?

Pinna
Tragus
Glabella
Acanthion

A

pinna

25
Q

Reid base line is an older term for:

A

IOML

26
Q

how much difference in degrees is there between the OML and the IOML?

A

7-8°

27
Q

*Which of the following positioning errors frequently results in a repeat exposure of a cranial position?

Rotation
Incorrect central ray placement
Flexion
Extension

A

rotation

28
Q

Bone tumor originating in the bone marrow is called:

A

multiple myeloma

29
Q

Fracture evident by sphenoid sinus effusion is called:

A

basal fracture

30
Q

condition that begins with bony destruction followed by bony repair is called:

A

Paget disease

31
Q

destructive lesion with bony destruction is called:

A

osteolytic neoplasm

32
Q

fracture of the skull with jagged or irregular lucent line that lies at an angle to the axis of the bone is called:

A

Linear fracture

33
Q

tangential view may help in determining extent or degree of this fracture:

A

depressed fracture

34
Q

Which of the following clinical indications may require a decrease in the manual exposure factors?

Pituitary adenoma
Linear skill fracture
Paget disease
Multiple myeloma

A

multiple myeloma

35
Q

Which aspect of the temporal bone is considered the thinnest?

A

squamous portion

36
Q

which aspect of the temporal bone contains the organs of hearing and balance?

A

petrous portion

37
Q

correct term for the eardrum:

A

Tympanic membrane

38
Q

which of the following middle ear structures is considered most lateral?

Malleus
Incus
Stapes
Oval window

A

Malleus

39
Q

The internal ear is divided into the osseous or bony labyrinth and the __________ labyrinth

A

membranous

40
Q

List the three divisions of the bony labyrinth of the inner ear.

A

cochlea
vestibule
semicircular canals

41
Q

benign, cystic mass of the middle ear:

A

cholesteatoma

42
Q

otosclerosis is a hereditary disease

A

true

43
Q

which two projections of the cranium project the dorsum sellae within the foramen magnum?

A

AP axial (Towne)
PA axial (Haas)

44
Q

CR angle for AP axial projection (Towne) for skull with the IOML perp. to the IR:

with OML perp. to IR:

A

37° caudad

30° caudad

45
Q

CR for lateral cranium:

A

2 in. superior to EAM

46
Q

To prevent tilting of the skull for the lateral cranium, the _____ line is perp to IR.

A

IPL

47
Q

where should the petrous ridges be located for a well positioned 25° caudad PA axial (Haas) projection?

A

superior to mastoid processes

48
Q

CR for SMV projection of skull:

A

1.5 in. inferior to mandibular symphysis, mid-gonion

49
Q

*which positioning line is parallel to the IR for the SMV projection of the skull

A

IOML

50
Q

A radiograph of an AP axial projection for the cranium shows the dorsum sellae is projected superior to the foramen magnum. What must be modified during the repeat exposure to correct this problem?

A

increase CR 7° caudad

51
Q

A radiograph of a lateral projection of the cranium shows the greater wings of the sphenoid are not superimposed. What type of positioning error is present on this radiograph?

A

rotation

52
Q

A radiograph of a 15 degree caudad PA axial projection of the cranium shows the petrous ridges are at the level of the supra orbital margin. Without changing the CR angle how must the head position be modified during the repeat exposure to produce a more acceptable image?

A

Increase extension of skull (head back more)

53
Q

A patient with a possible basilar skull fracture enters the ER. The physician wants a projection to demonstrate a possible sphenoid sinus effusion. Which projection of the cranium is best for this situation?

A

horizontal beam lateral skull

54
Q

The physician wants the projection to demonstrate the frontal bone and to place the petrous ridges in the lower 1/3 of the orbits but it has not been determined whether the patient’s cervical spine has been fractured so the patient cannot be moved from a supine position. what should the technologists do to obtain this image?

A

angle 15° cephalad to OML

55
Q

The patient comes to the radiology department for a skull series. Because of the side of the patient’s shoulders he is unable to flex his neck sufficiently to place the OML perp. to the IR for the AP axial projection. His head cannot be raised because of possible cervical trauma. What other options does the tech have to obtain an acceptable AP axial projection?

A

37° caudad

56
Q

A radiograph of an AP axial (Towne method) projection for the cranium shows the posterior arch of C1 and the dorsum sellae are superimposed. Both are projected into the foramen magnum. What modification is needed to correct this error that is present on the initial radiograph?

A

none

57
Q

A radiograph of a lateral skull demonstrates the orbital plates (roof) of the frontal bone are not superimposed. What is the positioning error present on this radiograph?

A

tilting of skull

58
Q

A radiograph of an AP axial (Towne method) for cranium should see left petrous portion of the temporal bone is wider than the right. What is the specific positioning error present on this radiograph?

A

rotation to the right

59
Q

A radiograph of an SMV projection of the cranium demonstrates mandibular condyles are projected into the petrous portion of the temporal bone. How must the position be altered during the repeat exposure to correct this error?

A

Extend skull further to place IOML parallel to IR

RTE1513 Rad Procedures 2 (12 decks)

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