CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Question 1

Function of the Circulatory System:

Answer 1

It’s the system in charge of transporting substances of the body , it’s a vast network of vessels where the pumped blood by the heart flows transporting nutrients to the cells and waste substances from the cells.

Question 2

Blood (Part 1):

Answer 2

Blood plasma makes the 55%, it’s a solution made up of several solutes , containing nutrients and other waste substances.
Blood cells make the 45%, they’re produced in the bone narrow.
- Red blood cells make >99%, they’re erythrocytes, specialized in transporting oxygen because hemoglobin.
-White blood cells make <1%, they’re leukocytes specialized in body’s response to infections and foreign susbtances.
-Platelets make <1%, they’re thrombocytes specialized in blood cotting.

Question 3

Blood vessels (Part 2):

Answer 3

Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins.
Tubes through which blood flows, they form a closed circuit.
- Arteries: Carry blood from the heart. Connective tissue, muscular layer, epithelium.
- Veins: Carry blood to the heart. Connective tissue, muscular layer, epithelium, valve.
- Capillaries: Microscopic blood layers that allow the exchange of O2, CO2 and other nutrients between plasma and the extracellular matrix. Epithelium.

Question 4

The heart (Part 3):

Answer 4

It’s a hallow muscular organ in charge of mantaining the circulation of blood by pumping in a cyclic manner.
Right atrium, tricupsid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, left atrium, bicupsid valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta artery, vena cava.

Question 5

What are the 2 types of circulation:

Answer 5

Pulmonary circulation that goes from the RA to the LA, and the Systemic circulation that goes from the LA to the RA.

Question 6

What is the LUD DUB?

Answer 6

It’s the sound of the heart, it’s divided into 4 parts:
-1 Blood enters the ventricles passing through atria.
-2 Tricupsid and bicupsid valves close (1st sound).
-3 Ventricles contract pumping the blood to the arteries.
4- Pulmonary and aortic valves close (2nd sound).

Question 7

Illnesses related to the Circulatory System:

Answer 7

Anemia: Blood carries less oxygen because hemoglobin or red blood cells.
Cardiovascular diseases: Related to the abdominal blood flow, either affecting the heart or obstructing the blood vessels which can lead into strokes or heart attacks.
Cancer: Abnormal cell production in the bone narrow resulting in disorders of the inmune system and other effects that may led to death.