CIS 3: Heme and Lymph Flashcards
Def: Dactylitis
B/l dorsal swelling of the hands and feet often seen in childhood in pts w/ SCD
What are the 5 key signs of respiratory distress
Retractions/use of accessory ms. Inability to speak full sentences Inability to lie flat Extreme diaphoresis Restlesness, agitation, decreased consciousness
What are the Dx criteria for Acute Chest Syndrome
New pulmonary infiltrate on CXR + chest pain
Temp > 38.5
Tachypnea
Wheezing/Cough/SOB
What are the Tx’s for Acute Chest Syndrome
Hydration Pain control Respiratory support Bronchodilators ABX Transfusion
What are the characteristic features of splenic sequestration
Splenic enlargement and pain
Drop in Hgb of ≥ 2 g/dL
Thrombocytopenia
Reticulocytosis
What supplements are given as Tx for SCD
Folic acid
Multivitamin + Fe
Vitamin D and Ca
What 3 things need to be monitored in pts with SCD
BP
Retinal exams
Pulse Ox
When do SCD pts get transfusions
When pt is hypovolemic and the anemia is Sxatic
What medication is used in SCD
Hydroxyurea
What pathogens are pts with SCD particularly susceptible to
S. Pneumo
H. Influenzae
N. Meningititis
What prophylactic Tx is given to pts b/w 3 months and 5 yo
Penicillin (vaccinations aren’t complete)
What meds are used for thromboembolism prophylaxis in pts with SCD
LMWH (Enoxaparin, Dalteparin, Tinzaparin)
UFH
Fondaparinus
What lung disease is common in children with SCD
Asthma
What are some precipitating factors to sickling crises
Cold weather Hypoxia Infection Dehydration Acidosis EtOH Emotional stress Pregnancy Menses
When is OMM not used for pts w/ SCD
When they are unstable
