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1
Q

Who were the aryans?

A

an ancient people who are believed to write the vedas

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2
Q

what is a brahmin?

A
  • a priest who typically preforms the Vedic ritual and acts as a counselor
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3
Q

what was a Dravidians

A

– an early form of religion that was non-vedic Hinduism.

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4
Q

WHat are the Vedas-

A

The ancient scriptures of India

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5
Q

what is Bhatki Yoga

A
  • also known as devotion yoga is a means of showing various expressions of devotion.
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6
Q

what are the Upanishads

A

– The ending of the Vedas

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7
Q

what is Karma Yoga-

A

a type of yoga that proposes that all useful work can lead to perfection, if done unselfishly

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8
Q

what is the Vedic Ritual-

A

A ritual preformed in order to gain favor from the gods. Commonly a sacrifice was made to gain wealth, health, and fortune.

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9
Q

who is Bharat Ma-

A

a national personification of India as a mother goddess.

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10
Q

define Formative Period-

A

Also known as the Vedic period, The time of the Dravidians, around 2500 BCE

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11
Q

who is Kali-

A

The goddess of destruction and recreation

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12
Q

define Speculative Period/Axis Period-

A

Coming off the Vedic period, The time of the Upanishads, the question “what if there was one god” is asked. Brahman is declared the one God.

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13
Q

what is Moksha-

A

meaning freedom or liberation. The ultimate goal of reincarnation was to be free of it.

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14
Q

what is Jana Yoga – (jnana yoga)

A

A type of yoga focused on bringing knowledge and insight to the practitioner. Mainly done by studying the Upanishads and the Bhagavad Gita from teachers who have higher insight.

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15
Q

What is the
Bhagavad Gita-

A

Translates to “song of the divine one” or “divine song” The Gita is a part of a long poem called the Mahabharata.

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16
Q

what is Dharma-

A

a religious and moral law that governs individual conduct.

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17
Q

what is the Caste-

A

referred to when discussing the caste system, a caste is a layer or level of society you exist in when you are born. These levels can not be changed throughout life but only though reincarnation.

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18
Q

what is an Ascetic-

A

someone who abandons all personal connections and material things in order to find the holy.

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19
Q

define Jati-

A

Another term for caste

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20
Q

what is Rig Veda-

A

a collection of more than a thousand chants to the Aryan gods

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21
Q

what is Ramayana-

A

an epic that depicts a story around the character Rama

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22
Q

what is the Ganges River/Ganga Ma-

A

The starting point for most civilizations in India due to the stable-ness of the river.

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23
Q

what is a Guru-

A

a spiritual advisor

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24
Q

who is Ghandi-

A

Given the title “Mahatma” meaning great soul, used a non-violent approach towards the British to gain independence, Believed the truth is god, He was assassinated in 1948

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25
who is Agni-
The Hindu god of fire
26
define Avatar-
The appearance or form a god takes when coming to the physical world.
27
what is a Ashram-
A commune of people living in a single compound
28
what is Bhatki-
Also called bhakti marga, a practice within Hinduism focused on loving devotion to a single deity
29
what is Mahabahrata-
A story written between 400 bce and 400ce tells how the sons of Pandu conquered their cousins kauravas with the help of the god Krishna
30
what is Karma-
The moral law of cause and effect guiding the destination after rebirth in the hindu religion.
31
who is Krishna-
The loving manifestation of Vishnu
32
who is Trimurti –
translates to “triple form” often used when speaking of brahma, Vishnu, and shiva are together as one
33
define Smriti-
the class of hindu literature based on human memory
34
who is Brahman-
The deity within Hinduism.
35
what is Shruti-
The most revered body of hindu literature. Considered to be the product of divine revelation
36
who is Brahma-
Hindu god of creation
37
define Dayanda-
an Indian philosopher and social leader. Believed in the infallible authority of the Vedas.
38
who is Shiva-
God of destruction and re-creation
39
who is Ram Mohan Roy-
a British inspired Indian reformer. His thinkings became inspired by both rationalism and Christianity. He started a movement the Brahmo-Samaj, that adopted Christian inspired elements. Such as believing in one god.
40
who is Vishnu
- Hindu god of cosmic order
41
what is Satyagraha-
a belief that nonviolence could sway those that are cruel, thoughtless, and violent.
42
what are the Four Stage of Life-
infancy, youth, adulthood, and old age. All the stages in life one would experience
43
who is Ramakrishna-
claimed to have the same abilities as Brahman, and to have walked the same path as him.
44
define Maya- .
A way of referring to the everyday world as stated in the Upanishads
45
what is Mahatma-
A title given to Gandhi meaning “Great Spirit”
46
what is Atman –
Can be translated to “deepest self” Mentioned in discussion with Brahman meaning that the deepest self of one is Brahman.
47
what is Yoga-
Methods that can help people live more spiritually
48
define Reincarnation-
The belief that after one dies their soul is passed on to another form. That form can take anything from a plant to a person in a higher caste than them.
49
define Ashrama -
The system of stages of life discussed in Hindu texts.
50
what is Adhikaras -
literally translates to “authority and ownership”
51
define Puja-
A devotional ritual commonly preformed at an altar.
52
what is Darshan-.
The belief that people of spiritual accomplishment radiate divinity
53
what is Prasad-
Food or water offered to a deity as a form of worship
54
define Samsara-
The wheel of life as well as cycle of rebirth. It suggests that the common world is full of change and struggle.
55
who are the Rishi –
A holy people that it is believed the Vedas were revealed to.
56
what is Varna-
Social classes.
57
what does Buddha mean
Awakened one
58
define Bodhi
- meaning enlightenment or to be awakened.
59
what are the Four Passing Sights-
The things Siddhartha seen when leaving his palace. These included old age, disease, death, and an ascetic.
60
what is Buddhism-
Buddhism is one of the world’s oldest religions that focuses of reaching nirvana, meaning an end of suffering or inner peace.
61
who is Amitabha Buddha-
The supposed buddha that submitted the influence of Buddhism in the far west or direction of the setting sun.
62
define Bodh Gaya-
The place of enlightenment.
63
define Anatta-
The idea that not only are people always changing but also made up of parts that are always changing.
64
define Arhat-
Meaning someone who has reached nirvana
65
what is Bodhisattva-
Someone who is able to enter enlightenment but refuses it and allows themselves to be reborn until everyone has become enlightened.
66
define Dharma-(buddhist)
The sum total of Buddhists teachings about how to view the world and live properly.
67
who are the Sangha
- An order of monks and later nuns started by the buddha
68
who are the Pure Land Sect-
The largest sect of Mahayana Buddhism started by a Tendai monk named Monk honen
69
what are the Four Noble Truths-
Suffering exists, it has an end, it has a cause, there is a way to attain a release from suffering. Are the four noble truths within Buddhism.
70
what is the Eightfold Path-
The path followed by Buddhists to reach enlightenment.
71
what is Dukkha-
The third characteristic of reality which translates to suffering.
72
who is the Dalai Lama
- The spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism.
73
define Lama
- A title given to a spiritual leader in Tibetan Buddhism.
74
define Nirvana-
The unltimate goal of buddhism. Meaning the end of suffering, or extinguish the flame with a lack of fuel.
75
define Samadhi-
A state of deep awareness.
76
define Panna-
The Under standing of the true nature of the phenomena
77
what is Samsara-
constant rebirth and attendant suffering
78
define Reincarnation-
when one’s life force is placed into another form after death.
79
what is a Stupa-
A shrine usually in the shape of a dome, used to mark Buddhists relics or sacred sites.
80
define Theravada-
a Buddhists teaching that translates to “way of the elders
81
define Mahayana-
translates to big vehicle.
82
what is the Tripitaka-
The three baskets or collections of Buddhist texts
83
define Vajrayana-
a form of Buddhism that developed in India and neighboring countries namely Tibet.

religion 2 (3 decks)

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