Classification and Evolution

Question 1

How can 2 species still be classified as seperate

Answer 1

-Can still produce fertile offspring
-Genetically DIFFERENT

Question 2

What are Woese’s 3 Domains

Answer 2

Archaea
Eubacteria
Eukarya

Question 3

How can 2 species share similar traits but still not be related

Answer 3

CONVERGENT evolution -> INDEPENDENT evolution of similar species at different periods in time
CLASSIFICATION is based of Phlyogeny

Question 4

How can a molecule be used to compare 2 species

Answer 4

Sequence of A.A -> Smaller n. of differences means more cloesely related

Question 5

How can genetic diversity be maused

Answer 5

Genetic Polymorphism

Question 6

What is Genetic Drift and Genetic Bottleneck

Answer 6

DRIFT - One allele has high affect on whole pop. , more likely that alleles are lost from WHOLE POP.

BOTTLENECK - Many alleles are LOST -> Modern pop. descended from a few survivors

Question 7

What are 3 factors for speciation

Answer 7

Random Mutation
Time
Natural Selection

Question 8

How may a physical feature become more abundant in a population

Answer 8

SELECTION PRESSURE for prey avalability -> member of pop. gained a RANDOM MUTATION which have them a SURVIVAL ADVANTAGE -> more likely to survive and reproduce hence BENEFICIAL CHARACTERSITIC PASSED ONTO OFFSPRING
ALLELE frequency w/ relevant gene increase wit each gen.
REGULATORY GENE controls where pigments are produced

Question 9

How was DNA used to identify similarities between 2 species

Answer 9

Compare DNA Base sequence of 2 species
Similar sequence means recent common ancestor
DNA found in all organisms and some sections of DNA are highly conserved

Question 10

Why are some genes described as non coding

Answer 10

They are regulatory genes - not present in mRNA + not TRANSLATED