Clinical Correlations Mod 4 Flashcards
Axillary n injury location/cause?
Sensation loss?
Action affected?
- fracture at the surgical neck of the humerus
- anterior dislocation of humerus
- compressed quadrangular space
- sensation loss over shoulder
- decreased shoulder abduction
Musculocutaneous n injury location/cause?
Sensation loss?
Action affected?
- superior trunk (C5-C6) compression
- compression of coracobrachialis m
- sensation loss of lateral forearm
- weakness elbow flexion
Radial n injury location/cause?
Sensation loss?
Sign?
Action affected?
- compression of axilla (ex crutches)
- midshaft spiral fx of humerus
- repetitive supination and pronation
- triangular space compression
- sensation loss of posterior UE
- Wrist drop
- decreased grip strength
Median n injury cause/location?
Sensation loss?
Sign?
Action affected?
- supracondylar fx of humerus
- pronator teres compression
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- wrist laceration
- cubital fossa compression
- sensation loss of palmar lateral hand
- Ape hand
- decreased wrist, finger flexion
Ulnar n injury location/cause?
Sensation loss?
Sign?
Action affected?
- fx of medial epicondyle
- Cubital tunnel
- tunnel of guyon (Pisohamate tunnel)
- FOOSH
- sensation loss over medial hand
- Ulnar claw
- radial deviation with wrist flexion
- decreased wrist flexion and intrinsic hand mm
Brachial plexus injury from a wide neck shoulder impacts which nerves?
Sensation loss?
Actions affected?
- upper roots/superior trunk injury
- C5-C6
- sensation loss of lateral forearm
- deltoid, biceps, brachialis actions affected
- medially rotated arm
- adducted shoulder
- extended elbow
Brachial plexus injury from wide arm body angle will injury what nerves?
Sign?
Muscles affected?
- lower roots/inferior trunk
- C8-T1
- Claw hand
- intrinsic hand muscles affected
Erb-Duchenne Palsy is caused by injury of what nerves?
Cause?
Sign?
- superior roots injured - superior (C5-C6) and middle (C7) trunk
- injury during child birth stretches/tears nerves
- Waiter’s Tip position
Klumpke’s Paralysis/Palsy:
What’s injured?
Cause?
Weakness in what mm?
Sign?
- inferior trunk injury
- roots C8-T1
- caused by shoulder dystocia which is where shoulder’s get stuck during vaginal delivery
- weakness of wrist/finger flexors, intrinsic mm of hand
- Claw hand
Burners and Stingers
Cause?
Where?
Symptoms?
- contact sports and spinal stenosis
- at neck or shoulder
- stinging/burning pain in shoulder and hand that can last days or seconds
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
What nerve injured?
Where?
Caused by what?
Weakness where?
Sign?
- lower trunk and subclavian a & v compressed b/w the anterior and middle scalenes around the first rib
- caused by: Pancoast tumor, cervical rib
- looks similar to Klumpke’s
- weakness of wrist/finger flexors, intrinsic mm of hand
- Claw hand
Winged scapula
What injured?
How injured?
Caused what?
- long thoracic n injured during axillary node dissection or trauma
- scapula not anchored to thoracic cage
AC sprain aka Separated shoulder
- MOI: trauma/acute injury to AC joint
