CNAF M-3710.7 Flashcards
(79 cards)
1
Q
Disclaimer at the beginning
A
In the tactical environment, military exigency may require on site deviation from instructions/procedures contained here. The existing risk of deviation must be continually weighed against the benefit of deviating from this manual. Deviation from specified flight and operating instructions is authorized in emergency situations when, in the judgement of the PIC, safety justifies such a deviation.
2
Q
Requires Operational Necessity
A
Change of PIC in flight
Flying without a flight plan
Night ship launches and recoveries with pax
Flying through a weather watch bulletin
3
Q
VFR FLIGHT MINIMUMS
Class A
5-24
A
None
4
Q
VFR FLIGHT MINIMUMS
Class B
A
3 statute miles clear of clouds
5
Q
VFR FLIGHT MINIMUMS
Class C
A
3 statute miles
500 below
1000 above
2000 horizontal
6
Q
VFR FLIGHT MINIMUMS
Class D
A
3 statute miles
500 below
1000 above
2000 horizontal
7
Q
VFR FLIGHT MINIMUMS
Class E
A
BELOW 10,000’
3sm
500 below
1000 above
2000 horizontal
ABOVE 10,000’
5sm
1000 below
1000 above
1sm horizontal
8
Q
VFR FLIGHT MINIMUMS
Class G
A
1200’ OR LESS ABOVE SURFACE DAY 1sm clear of clouds NIGHT 3sm 500 below, 1000 above, 2000 horizontal
> 1200’ AGL BUT <10,000’ MSL
DAY
1sm 500 below, 1000 above, 2000 horizontal
NIGHT
3sm 500 below, 1000 above, 2000 horizontal
> 1200’ AGL AND >10,000’ MSL
5sm 1000 below, 1000 above, 1sm horizontal
9
Q
Warning
A
Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice or condition that may result in injury, death or loss of aircraft if not carefully observed or followed.
10
Q
Caution
A
Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice or condition that may result in damage to equipment if not carefully observed or followed.
11
Q
Note
A
Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice or condition that must be emphasized.
12
Q
Shall
A
Is used only when application of a procedure is mandatory
13
Q
Should
A
Is used only when application of a procedure is recommended
14
Q
May and need not
A
Used only when application of a procedure is optional
15
Q
Will
A
Indicates futurity and never indicates any degree of requirement for application of a procedure.
16
Q
Land immediately
A
Execute a landing without delay
17
Q
Land as soon as possible
A
Land at the first site at which a safe landing can be made.
18
Q
Land as soon as practicable
A
Extended flight is not recommended, landing site and duration of flight are at the discretion of the PIC.
19
Q
Actual instrument conditions
A
Conditions external to the aircraft in flight that do not permit visual reference to the horizon.
20
Q
Instrument meteorological conditions
A
Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from clouds and ceiling less than the minimum specified for VMC. IMC conditions exist any time a visible horizon is not distinguishable.
21
Q
Actual instrument approach
A
When actual instrument conditions are encountered below 1000’ above airport/flight deck elevation.
22
Q
Simulated instrument conditions
A
Conditions external to the aircraft in flight are VMC but pilot vision is limited primarily to interior of the aircraft.
23
Q
Visual meteorological Conditions
A
Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, cloud distance, and ceiling that are equal or better than the specified minimums.
24
Q
Simulated instrument approach
A
An instrument approach flown under simulated instrument conditions
25
Flight
Helicopter flight begins when an aircraft commences ground taxi or lifts from a point of rest and ends after airborne flight when rotors are disengaged or the aircraft is stationary with rotors engaged for five minutes.
Flight also terminated after a change of PIC
26
FAR EXEMPTIONS
1-3
Naval aircraft shall be operated in accordance with the FAR except when
CNAF prescribes more stringent requirements
Exemptions are issued to naval aircraft:
USN student aviators may operate in class A airspace without an instrument rating
Allows operation at other altitudes when engaged in drug interdiction for the purpose of PID and maintaining visual as long as there is a dedicated observer onboard to watch for traffic and the aircraft has operable mode C
Allows operation of aircraft with no lights when engaged in drug interdiction if the aircraft has a dedicated observer onboard and an additional resource of detecting aircraft operating in the vicinity.
27
Emergency and humanitarian operations
3-1
Naval aircraft operations are authorized in emergency such as forest fire, search, rescue, major calamities and for humanitarian reasons involving life threatening circumstances.
Notification of the operation shall be made to CNO or CMC as appropriate and the responsible local commander but without delaying action when time is an essential factor.
Squadron commanders and officers in charge will operate under the direction of assigned joint task force commanders per combatant commander policy/guidance.
28
Non essential flights
3-2
Use of aircraft for non essential flights shall not be authorized. Any flight open to misinterpretation by the public shall be avoided. To include:
Flights of routine business nature for which commercial or other military transportation could be more economically suited
Flights for an officer or group of officers, the sole purpose of which is the convenience and/or prestige of the officers concerned and not the performance of official duties or accomplishment of bona fide training.
Repeated flights to the hometown area of flight personnel concerned.
Flights coinciding with major sports events or civic celebrations.
29
Special airlift Requirements
3-1
Special airlifts shall meet he following requirements:
The sole purpose of the flight must be to provide air transportation for the accomplishment of urgent business in the national interest that would suffer if other forms of transportation were relied upon.
The flight must be in national interest or result in cost savings to the department of the Navy.
30
Personnel authorized to taxi helicopters
3-4
No one shall be permitted to taxi a helicopter except those persons who are authorized to fly helicopters.
31
Orientation flights
3-6
A. Orientation flights are typically one time events for selected participants in a particular model aircraft. Orientation flights shall not be used to circumvent normal training requirements for individuals required to fly multiple flights in naval aircraft. Orientation flights for midshipmen participating in official training programs are an exception and may involve multiple flights. Additionally orientation flights are stand alone events, specifically authorized, sanctioned and planned to accomplish the following purposes:
B.
- to familiarize them with an aircraft, it’s operation, capabilities, requirements, concept of employment or limitations.
- to familiarize them with a base complex from the air for official purposes other than merely sightseeing or goodwill.
- to allow FAA personnel to perform official functions that require their infrequent embarkation on naval aircraft.
- to perform other military duties not assigned to the flight crew.
32
Embarkation of passengers
3-10
No person shall be emplaned as a passenger nor shall any cargo be embarked on a naval aircraft unless authorization has been given by a competent authority in accordance with applicable directives. Reporting custodians for helicopter units may authorize personnel to be embarked as passengers onboard their aircraft. This authority may be delegated to a designated det oic when deployed or embarked. No person shall be carried in a taxiing aircraft as a passenger unless they are authorized to fly in it by a competent authority.
Type commanders and above my be delegated authority to transport civilian guests or designated personnel not otherwise qualified for government air transportation. This is granted for the specific purpose of facilitating embarkation/debarkation of The individual when the ship is at sea and is not for the convenience of the personnel.
Helicopter passenger overwater flights at night are authorized subject to the following conditions:
Ship launches and recoveries shall be made during daylight hours. This constraint May be waived by the strike group commander, amphibious squadron commander, MAGTAF commander or the OTC in cases of OPERATIONAL NECESSITY.
In cases of medevac a qualified medical attendant who is current in approved water survival training (non-aircrew underwater emergency egress at a minimum) and has been properly briefed on emergency egress procedures for that aircraft may be transferred at night with the approval from the ships CO.
This does not preclude troop movement in support of amphibious exercises, VBSS level III operations or SPECOPS training and operational missions.
The PIC/mission commander of a naval aircraft (while absent from home unit) May authorize air transportation for personnel and/or equipment not otherwise qualified for government air transportation when required for the successful prosecution of a SAR, medevac or disaster relief. This authority shall only be exercised when all practical means of obtaining authorization from competent authority in accordance with applicable directives have proven unsuccessful or unavailable. Appropriate authority shall be notified of such air transportation as soon as practicable.
33
Pilot in Command
3-13
Refers to the pilot of an individual aircraft. The PIC is responsible for the safe, orderly flight of the aircraft and well being of the crew. The PIC may also be the mission commander or formation leader when so designated.
If there is no NATOPS manual for a particular model aircraft or if an existing manual fails to set forth specific initial qualifications and currency requirements, a pilot shall not be designated as PIC unless the pilot has made at least two takeoffs and landings and logged five hours of pilot time in the same model aircraft within the preceding 90 days.
Transfer of PIC shall not be done in flight except for emergency, Operational Necessity or as directed by the CO of the unit to which the aircraft is attached.
34
OTC EMBARKED
3-13
Wing, group or squadron commander, if embarked on a mission involving aircraft under their command, retains full authority and responsibility regarding command, including the mission in which participating.
35
FLAG OR GENERAL OFFICER EMBARKED
3-13
The pilot in command of an aircraft with a flag or general officer eligible for command at sea or in the field embarked as a passenger shall be subject to the orders of such flag or general officer in accordance with navy regs. When such an embarked passenger exercises authority to command aircraft, that passenger thereby assumes full responsibility for the safe and orderly conduct of the flight.
The embarked passenger shall give due consideration to the judgment of the PIC regarding items of flight safety such as hazardous weather and aircraft/crew safety. Flying rule violations, accident reports and any other actions arising out of the flight will be referred to the embarked passenger as the responsible commander of the aircraft.
36
CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
3-14
The use of specifically defined behavioral skills as an integral part of every flight to improve mission effectiveness by minimizing crew preventable errors, maximizing crew coordination, and optimizing risk management.
37
ORM
3-16
The process of dealing with the risk associated with military operations, which include risk assessment, risk decision making and implementation of effective risk controls.
```
FIVE STEPS
Identify Hazards
Assess Hazards
Make risk decisions
Implement controls
Supervise
```
THREE LEVELS
Time critical: in flight quick review of five steps
Deliberate: preflight brainstorming of hazards
In-Depth: ORM conference
```
FOUR PRINCIPLES
Accept risk when benefits outweigh the costs
Accept no unnecessary risk
Anticipate and manage risk by planning
Make risk decisions at the right level
```
38
Cross country flight
3-20
Any flight that either does not remain in the local flying area or remains in the local flying area and terminates at other than an active military facility. This includes out and ins.
39
ASAP
3-23
One ASAP per flight is required, one per section is fine if no events occurred.
Responsibility of the PIC/Mission Commander
40
When is a HAC required?
4-2
All multipiloted Aircraft missions that are:
Operational/tactical missions
Administrative missions in helicopters
Training flights, except those that are within the capabilities of pilots of lower classification and which, in the opinion of the commanding officer, are best suited to teach such pilots self reliance and command responsibility
Flights in which the transport of passengers is involved
41
Rescue helicopters operating overwater
4-2
Any naval helicopter that is assigned the primary mission to operate as a rescue vehicle overwater shall have as a member of its crew one aircrewman who is completely outfitted for water entry and has completed an approved CNO/CMC rescue swimmers school.
If SAR/Plane guard is briefed as the primary mission the rescue aircrewman shall be prepared for immediate water entry.
42
Nonstandard Operations
3-21
When an urgent requirement exists to fly a short notice mission in support of a humanitarian, contingency, MEDEVAC, special access or state department requirement.
43
Civilian Airfields
4-3
Naval aircraft are permitted to operate at civilian airfields listed in the dod enroute supplement when such operations contribute to mission accomplishment, add value to training or are otherwise in the interest of the government and taxpayer.
These fields shall not be used for RON unless required for mission accomplishment. In these cases approval by the appropriate wing/group commander is required. RON is authorized if required for aircraft maintenance or following an emergency divert.
44
Helicopter Landing Areas
4-4
Helicopters are authorized to land at other than airfield locations (fields, parks, highways) provided:
A military requirement exists for such a landing
Adequate safeguards are taken to permit safe landing and takeoff operations without hazard to people or property
There are no legal objections to landing at such nonairfield sites.
*COs are authorized to waive any of these requirements if the helicopter is engaged in SAR operations.
45
Closed control tower airfield ops
4-4
- COs of airfields are authorized to extend airfield operating hours beyond those published without opening the control tower.
- aircraft are permitted to operate from a closed control tower airfield when the reporting custodian and airfield CO authorize it.
- aircraft are permitted to operate at a closed control tower airfield without the crash crew present with concurrence from the reporting custodian and airfield CO
46
Closed Field Operations
4-4
Prohibited from landing or taking off at closed airfields except in the case of an emergency.
47
Shore to ship/ship to shore ops
4-6
Pilots shall file a flight plan, daily schedule or a dd-175 will suffice. For ship to shore the ship shall relay flight plans and the pilots shall verify with ATC as soon as practicable.
48
Submission of the flight plan
PIC is signing saying that:
WWANPIGS
4-7
Proper weight and balance forms have been filed
Each pilot in a form flight has received the required weather brief
The flight has been properly authorized
Adequate flight planning data including notams was available for complete and accurate planning
Passengers have been properly briefed and manifested
Each pic has a valid instrument rating if any portion of the flight is to be conducted in IMC or in positive control areas
The flight will be conducted in accordance with governing directives and adherence to criteria for fuel reqs and weather mins
The PIC acknowledges responsibility for the safe and orderly conduct of the flight.
```
—
Weight and balance
Wx brief
Authorized
Notams
Pax
Inst rating
Gov directives
Safety of flight
```
49
Weather criteria for flying
4-10
The flight plan shall be based on the following:
The actual weather at the point of departure at the time of clearance
The existing and forecast weather for the entire route of flight
Destination and alternate weather forecasts for a period of one hour before eta to one hour after eta
50
Alternate airport requirements
4-10
Destination weather
0-0 up to but not including published mind requires alternate weather greater than 3000-3 +/- 1hr of ETA
published mins but not up to 3000-3 require weather at alternate +/- 1hr to be precision mins +200-1/2 or non precision +300-1
Destination weather of 3000-3 or better do not require an alternate
* if an alternate is required it must have a published approach compatible with installed operable aircraft navigation equipment that can be flown without two way radio comms whenever either
1: destination lacks the above approach
2: weather at the alternate is below 3000-3 during 1hr before eta until 1hr after eta.
51
Severe Weather Watch Bulletins
4-11
Pilots shall not file into or through areas for which a WW has been issued unless one of the following exceptions apply (or it is for op necessity/emergency or weather recon):
1) storm development has not progressed as forecast. At a naval installation the base CO or wing commander may continue flight operations based on determination that storm development has not progressed as forecast, this should be verified by a DOD forecaster or FSS. From other DoD or commercial airfields a DoD forecaster or FSS must make the determination. In either situation:
a) VFR filing is permitted if existing and forecast weather for the planned route permits such flights.
b) IFR flight may be permitted if aircraft radar is installed and operative that allows detection and avoidance of isolated thunderstorms.
c) IFR flight is permissible in controlled airspace of VMC can be maintained thus enabling aircraft to detect and avoid isolated thunderstorms.
2) performance characteristics of the aircraft permit an enroute flight altitude above existing or developing severe thunderstorms.
52
Fuel planning
4-11
All aircraft shall carry sufficient usable fuel, considering all meteorological factors and mission requirements as computed below:
a) if alternate is not required, fuel to fly from takeoff to destination airfield, plus a reserve of 10% of planned fuel requirements.
b) if alternate is required, fuel to fly from takeoff to the approach fix serving destination and thence to an alternate airfield, plus a reserve of 10% of planned fuel requirements.
c) in no case shall the planned fuel reserve after final landing at destination or alternate airfield be less then that needed for 20 minutes of flight (computed at planned flight altitude for turbine drives helicopters).
* any known or expected delay shall be considered time enroute when computing fuel reserves.
53
Closing of flight plan
4-13
It is the responsibility of the PIC to ensure that the proper agency is notified of flight termination.
At military installations the pilot shall verbally confirm the closing of the flight plan with tower or base ops. Or deliver a copy of the flight plan form to base ops.
At a non military installation the pilot shall close the flight plan with flight service through any means of communication available. When communication links are known or suspected to not exist at the landing point a predicted landing time in lieu of the actual landing time shall be reported to an appropriate facility while airborne.
54
Lighting
5-1
POSITION LIGHTS
30 minutes before sunset to 30 minutes after sunrise or anytime visibility as seen from the cockpit is less than 3sm. During these conditions they shall be displayed:
-Immediately before engine start and anytime engines are running
-when ac is being towed unless otherwise illuminated
-when parked and likely to be a hazard unless otherwise illuminated or marked
ANTI COLLISION
Immediately before engine start and anytime the engines are running except when the use adversely affects ground operations. They may be turned off during flights through clouds because of flashback.
LANDING/TAXI
They are recommended when taxing at night or landing in IMC.
55
RIGHT OF WAY
5-2
Formation flight has right of way when a single aircraft is converging upon its position at nearly the same altitude except for a head on situation.
All other situations defer to the FAR 91.113
56
MTRs
5-4
Three digit identifier means one or more portion is above 1500’
Four digit ID means no portion is above 1500’
57
Special VFR/Weather mins
5-22
May be granted by the controlling authority when weather is less than VFR (1000’ 3sm) but greater than 500’ 1sm. Aircraft must remain clear of clouds and both the pilots and aircraft must be certified for instrument flight.
Aviation CO may authorize SVFR when weather is less than 500/1 in cases of Operational Necessity.
Helicopters may operate below 1200’ AGL, clear of clouds when visibility is less than 1sm if operated at a speed that allows the pilot adequate opportunity to see and avoid other traffic and maintain obstacle clearance.
If weather is precluding VFR then the aircraft can:
Alter route to remain VMC
Remain VFR until IFR clearance can be obtained
Remain VFR and land
58
Minimum Altitude
5-25
1000’ above terrain when non mountainous
2000’ above terrain when mountainous
59
TAKEOFF MINS
5-28
Special instrument rating:
Non apply, at pilots discretion and urgency of mission.
Standard instrument rating:
Non-precision: minimums for the approach but not less than 300-1.
Precision: minimums for the approach but not less than 200-1/2 or 2400rvr
60
REDUCING VISIBILITY FOR HELICOPTERS
5-29
Helicopter required visibility minimums for class A aircraft may be reduced by one half but in no case less than 1/4 mile or 1200rvr. This is because of the unique maneuvering capability of helicopters and is based on an airspeed of 90 knots and SHALL NOT be applied to Copter approaches.
61
Runway Environment
What do you need to see to descend below MDA/DH
5-30
Pilots shall not continue descent below MDA or past DH unless they have the runway environment in sight and in their judgement a safe landing can be made.
If not in sight execute missed approach at missed approach point or decision height.
Approach Lighting System (can’t go below 100’ above TDZ elevation unless you have RED terminating bars of RED side row bars as well)
Threshold, threshold markings, threshold lighting
Runway, runway markings, runway lighting
Touchdown zone, touchdown zone markings, touchdown zone lighting
Runway end identification lights
Visual approach slope indicator lights
62
Final Approach Abnormalities
DR PR
5-30
Danger (field conditions, conflicting traffic, other unsafe conditions observed from tower)
Radical aircraft deviations of safe limits are exceeded
Position or identification of aircraft is in doubt
Radar contact is lost or malfunctioning radar is suspected
*you don’t need to execute a missed approach for the last three if you have approach/runway lights in sight. For danger it’s mandatory.
63
Practice Autorotations
5-31
```
In class B, C or D airspace:
Shall be conducted within the field boundaries over a surface where a full autorotation could be safely completed and that is readily accessible to crash, rescue and firefighting equipment. Practice auto’s shall require the specific approval of tower.
```
64
HELICOPTER ALTITUDE IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE
5-32
Fly in accordance with the local AIROPS manual and when no other guidance is given, do not exceed 500’ AGL without approval from tower or other controlling agency.
65
NOISE SENSITIVE/WILDERNESS
5-32
Avoid when less than 3000’ AGL unless on an approved:
Traffic/approach pattern
VR/IR Route
Special Use Airspace
66
FUEL JETTISON
5-34
Above 6000’ AGL
If weather or an emergency prevents this, avoid populated areas.
If under positive control advise ATC
67
Minimum Fuel
6-2
Advisory in nature, pilots judgement states they can accept no undue delay enroute to their destination. If you need priority handling then state emergency fuel and time of flight remaining in minutes.
68
LIFERAFTS
7-1
Number of occupants shall not exceed number of life rafts except in cases of Operational Necessity.
69
TOBACCO PRODUCTS/CAFFEINE
7-6
Use is prohibited.
This includes tobacco, electronic cigarettes and lighters.
450mg caffeine per day
70
FLIGHT TIME MAXIMUM
8-15
1 day is 12 hours
1 week is 50 hours
1 month (30days) is 100 hours
3 months (90days) is 265 hours
1 year is 960 hours
71
ALCOHOL/DRUGS/DOWNERS
8-17
12 hours bottle to flight planning and free of effects.
12 hours downing after injected novocaine, 24 hours if intravenous sedatives are used
48 hours downing for anesthetics
Immunizations are 12 hours down
Blood donation (1pint) down for four days, no operational missions in 4 weeks, can donate again in 4 months.
72
NON CONTRACT FUEL PURCHASE
9-2
May be purchased due to
-Mission Requirements
- Flight terminated due to an emergency
- flight terminated due to alternate
73
MINIMUM HOURS
11-4
Less than 20 years service
Semi Annual Annual
Pilot time: 40 hours 100 hours
Night time: 6 hours 12 hours
Inst time: 6 hours 12 hours
74
To be qualified as a HAC
12-5
The NATOPS manual shall establish the designation for the particular model and an individual shall:
Have completed the requirements for and possess to an advanced degree the knowledge, proficiency and capabilities of a second pilot.
Have a minimum of 500 total flight hours.
Have 150 flight hours in rotary wing aircraft.
Have pilot hours in class and model required by the commanding officer or higher authority and demonstrate the proficiency and judgement required to ensure the successful accomplishment of all tasks of the unit mission.
Demonstrate ability to command and train officers and enlisted members of the flight crew.
Demonstrate the qualities of leadership required to conduct advanced base or detached unit operations as office in charge when such duty is required as part of the units mission or method of operation.
75
Flight above 10,000’
8-9
Shall be determined to be mission essential by CO/OIC or mission commander and shall not exceed 1 hour or 13,000’
76
Crew Rest
8-14
The non duty time before a flight duty period begins. Crew rest includes free time for meals, transportation, rest and shall include an opportunity for eight hours of uninterrupted sleep for every 24 hour period.
Does not begin until termination of official duties and is required prior to reporting for preflight preparation.
Flight crew shall not be scheduled for continuous alert and/or flight duty in excess of 18 hours. If it becomes operationally necessary to break the 18 hour rule, 15 hours of continuous off duty time shall be provided prior to scheduling the member for any flight duties.
Crew rest can be reduced to less than 12 hours to maintain a 24 hour work/rest schedule but a shortened crew rest period shall always allow time for 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep.
77
Controlling Custodian
The command exercising administrative control of assignment, employment and logistical support of aircraft.
78
Reporting Custodian
An organizational unit of the lowest echelon of command accepting responsibility for aircraft.
79
Dry Suits
50< x <60: CO/OIC determines
X< 50 required
