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IMC606: Neurology > CNS Infections > Flashcards

CNS Infections Flashcards

IMC 606

1
Q

Area infected by

HSV1 infection

A

Temporal and frontal lobe

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2
Q

Pathological features of

HSV1

A

cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions
hemorrhagic lesion in temporal lobe

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3
Q

Symptoms of

HSV1

A

seizure
memory
aphasia
hallucination
loss of smell
Kluver-Bucy
quadrantanopsia

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4
Q

Area affected by

West Nile

A

spinal cord
basal ganglia
other

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5
Q

Pathological features

West Nile

A

LMN lesion

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6
Q

Symptoms of

West Nile Virus

A

Flaccid paralysis
BG symptoms

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7
Q

Area affected in

Rabies

A

Peripheral nerves then CNS

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8
Q

Pathological features

Rabies

A

Negri bodies in neurons

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9
Q

Symptoms of

Rabies

A

Hydrophobia
Agitation
Opisthotonos
Facial Grimace

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10
Q

Area affected in

Shingles (VZV)

A

Body,
Cranial nerves CN V - V1

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11
Q

Pathological features of

Shingles (VZV)

A

vesicular rash in dermatomal distribution

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12
Q

Symptoms of

Shingles (VZV)

A

Pain
Paresthesia
Neuropathy

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13
Q

Area affected by

Abscesses

A

Brain

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14
Q

Pathological features of

Abscesses

A

ring-enhancing lesion

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15
Q

Symptoms of

Abscesses

A

Site dependent

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16
Q

Transmission of

Naegleria fowleri

A

Water infection

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17
Q

What is detected in the CSF of

Naegleria fowleri

A

amoeba

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18
Q

Symptoms of

Naegleria fowleri

A

rapidly fatal

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19
Q

Transmission of

Trypanosoma brucei

A

Tsetse fly [7]

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20
Q

Symtpoms of

Trypanosoma brucei

A

Somnolence [15]
Psychiatric symptoms

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21
Q

Which infections can be detected in the CSF

A

HSV-1
Naegleria fowleri

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22
Q

Which infections can be detected via imaging?

A

HSV1

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23
Q

List some opportunistic infections

A

PML
Cytomegalovirus
Neurosyphilis
Tabes Dorsalis
Cryptococcus neoformans
Toxoplasmosis
Primary CNS Lymphoma

24
Q

Area affected by

PML

A

Oligodendrocytes
White matter of hemispheres and cerebellum via JC virus

25
Q

Area affected by

Cytomegalovirus

A

CNS
PNS

26
Q

Areas affected by

Neurosyphilis/ Tabes Dorsalis

A

CNS
Spinal Cord
Dorsal Roots

27
Q

Area affected by

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Meninges

28
Q

Area affected by

Toxoplasmosis

A

Brain

29
Q

Area affected by

Primary CNS lymphoma

A

Brain
Spinal Cord
Meninges

30
Q

Pathological features of

PML

A

Demyelination
Lipid-filled macrophages
Reactive astrocytes

31
Q

Pathological features of

Cytomegalovirus

A

meningeal enhancement

32
Q

Pathological features of

Neurosyphilis

A

Granulomas

Demyelination of large diameter fibers

33
Q

Pathological features of

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

encapsulated yeast stain with india ink

34
Q

Pathological features of

Toxoplasmosis

A

multiple ring enhancing lesions

35
Q

Pathological features of

Primary CNS lymphoma

A

detected mass

36
Q

What is detected in the CSF in

PML

A

JC virus DNA

37
Q

What is detected in the CSF in

Cytomegalovirus

A

CMV DNA

38
Q

What is detected in the CSF in

Neurosyphilis

A

VDRL test

39
Q

What is detected in the CSF in

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

crytococcal antigen

40
Q

What is detected in the CSF in

Toxoplasmosis

A

toxoplasma gondii DNA

41
Q

What is detected in the CSF in

Primary CNS Lymphoma

A

mutational analysis

42
Q

Symptoms of

PML

A

Site dependent- UMN, aphasia, cognitivie, visual

43
Q

Symtpoms of

CMV

A

General Malaise
CNS/PNS deficits

44
Q

Symptoms of

Neurosyphilis

A

Focal Deficits
Argyll- Robertson pupils

Loss of proprioception
Loss of vibratory sense
Absent reflexes
Sensory ataxia

45
Q

Symptoms of

Crypto

A

Headache
fever
CN palsies

46
Q

Symptoms of

Toxoplasmosis

A

Site dependent
Focal or diffuse symptoms
Headache
Fever

47
Q

Symptoms of

Primary CNS lymphoma

A

Site dependent
Seizures
Focal Symptoms

48
Q

What opportunistic infections can be detected on imaging

A

PML
CMV
Toxoplasmosis
Primary CNS Lymphoma

49
Q

How is meningitis different from encephalitis?

A

Encephalitis invades the brain tissue (parenchyma), not the meninges (meningitis)

50
Q

What is the unique feature of listeria that can be used to identify it in culture?

A

Tumbling motility

51
Q

What are the general pathological changes that occur in viral encephalitis?

A

Perivascular infiltration by lymphocytes
Phagocytosis of neurons
Formation of microglial nodules
Vasogenic edema

52
Q

Visual deficits caused by HSV1

A

Contralateral homonymous quadrantanopia

Damage to Loop of Meyer and optic radiations

53
Q

Olfactory deficits caused by HSV1

A

Uncinate seizures
Loss of smell

Damage to Uncus and Olfactory Cortex

54
Q

Language deficits caused by HSV1

A

Inability to comprehend language

Damage to the Wernicke Area

55
Q

Memory deficits caused by HSV1

A

Anterograde amnesia

Damage to the hippocampus

56
Q

Threat awareness deficits caused by HSV1

A

Loss of fear

Damage to the amygdala

IMC606: Neurology (11 decks)

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