Cocaine Flashcards

(44 cards)

1
Q

true or false - psychostimulants and stimulants are the same

A

true

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2
Q

true or false - psychoactive drugs produce a decrease in mental function

A

false - increase

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3
Q

what are four psychostimulants

A

cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine, nicotine

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4
Q

where is the pscyhoactive alkaloid isolated from

A

coco shrub

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5
Q

what is the best way to administer psychoactive drugs to get the best effects and why

A

oral -> when you chew the leaves with lime then it reduces the hydrolysis -> more effects

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6
Q

what was something you could drink that has the cocaine hit without alcohol

A

coca cola

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7
Q

what is the harrison act

A

all narcotics given out have to be through prescription

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8
Q

what is mariani wine

A

it is cocaine + wine concotion

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9
Q

true or false - crack cocaine is considered as an epidemic

A

true

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10
Q

what are the 3 ways cocaine can be given

A

oral , intranasal or IV

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11
Q

cocaine can be recrystallized as a _______

A

free base

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12
Q

crack cocaine can be made by heating cocaine with _______

A

baking soda

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13
Q

how is crack cocaine and free base cocaine delivered

A

inhalation

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14
Q

how is illicit cocaine purified

A

leaves are chopped and mixed with lime or cement and then left to soak for 24 hours -> pressed to create a crude extract

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15
Q

how is free base cocaine purified

A

extracted by neutralization with an acid -> precipitated with NaOH -> dried paste is made with 60% pure cocaine

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16
Q

true or false - IV cocaine lasts a long time

A

false - enters quick but does not last long

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17
Q

true or false - cocaine thru intranasal takes long time to enter and stays long time

A

true

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18
Q

what are the two administrations for rapid access ways to the CNS

A

inhalation and intranasal

19
Q

how is cocaine metabolized (what enzyme)

A

esterases -> CYP450 in liver

20
Q

what is cocaethylene

A

active metabolite made in the presence of alcohol -> greater cardiotoxic effects

21
Q

what is methylecgonidine

A

produced by heating of cocaine and can be found in urine

22
Q

true or false - cocaine is hydrophillic

A

false - it is amphipathic

23
Q

true or false - cocaine can pass BBB

24
Q

what are 5 effects of cocaine

A

insomnia, inflated self esteem, anorexia, psychosis and increased HR

25
what are two subjective effects of cocoaine
euphoria and dysphoria
26
true or false - cocaine administration results in locomotor hyperactivity
true
27
what are common stereotyped behaviors
bobbing, pacing, excess grooming
28
do animals self administer cocaine
yes to the point of anorexia and death
29
how can you tell rodents are intoxicated
by hyperactivity
30
true or false - cocaine is a SSRI
false - it is an SNDRI (serotonin, NE and dopamine reuptake inhibitor)
31
cocaine blocks what transporter
DAT
32
cocaine blocks __ channels and can be used as a _______ in humans
Na / topical anaesthetic
33
how does cocaine decrease monoamine synthesis
through presynaptic autoreceptors
34
cocaine tolerance develops _____ and ______
acutely and transiently
35
true or false - intermittent use produces tolerance
false - sensitization
36
in animal models, continuos infusion results in______
tolerance to effects
37
true or false - both humans and animals show cross sensitization to other stimulants
true
38
does withdrawal to cocaine have serious effects
no
39
what are the three phases of binge users
1. crash 2. withdrawal 3. extinction
40
what are some acute withdrawal effects
dysphoria, strong craving, fatigue, prolonged sleep and hyperphagia
41
which phase does dysphoric syndrome occur
withdrawal
42
what is dysphoric syndrome
boredom, anxiety and increased craving
43
how is overdose treated
administers a sedative (benzo) to decrease HR and BP -> use of ice
44