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Flashcards in cognition Deck (43)
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1
Q

Arousal impairment

A

experience different stages of being awake

2
Q

Orientation impairment

A

disorientation behavioral or verbal

3
Q

Attention impairment

A

inability to focus, keep track of themselves easily distracted, unable to do more than one thing unable to switch back and forth

4
Q

Retrograde amnesia

A

impairment of memory cannot recall things before the injury

5
Q

Anterograde amnesia

A

impairment of cognition cannot recall things after the injury training is difficult multiple reputations needed, cue cards throughout house

6
Q

Initiation impairment

A

inability to start a task needs cueing

7
Q

Task persistance impairment

A

inability to stay on task

8
Q

planning impairment

A

slow processing smaller steps needed

9
Q

Generative thinking impairment

A

compensatory problems cannot think of new ways to complete a task

10
Q

Wernickes Aphasia

A

fluent impaired integration and language formation deficit in auditory and reading comprehension Alexic, agraphic

11
Q

Addressing Wernickes Aphasia

A

keep it simple keep you language similar check for teach back / understanding

12
Q

Brochas Aphasia

A

nonfluent slow effortful speech difficulty reading and writing difficult initiation of speech, use short phrases

13
Q

Addressing Brochas Aphasia

A

give them time to speak positive reinforcement encourage use of speech generating device not all communication needs to be verbal dont assume you know what they want

14
Q

Global aphasia

A

combination of both types usually caused by occlusion of MCA impaired comprehension, integration, and forming language

15
Q

4 Phases of swallowing

A

oral preparatory phase oral phase pharyngeal phase esophageal phase

16
Q

Swallow treatment and precautions

A

Chin tilt (NOT a cure) head turn double swallow alternate solids and liquids 24/7 supervision

17
Q

vision - central lesions

A

visual field deficits, visual neglect, visual extinction often associated with R stroke

18
Q

Eye - Head - Hand coordination

A

cerebellar and visual dysfunction slower tracking of movement inaccurate and more variable hand movements

19
Q

problems with reach

A

timing problems difficulty adapting to task

20
Q

global synkinesis

A

involuntary movement of hemiplegic limb when other limb moves

21
Q

right sided cerebral lesions

A

MCA spatial and perceptual deficits unilateral neglect

22
Q

Homonymous hemionopsia

A

lesion of optic tract posterior to optic chiasm

23
Q

Anosognosia

A

extensive neglect syndrome fails to recognize limbs as theirs

24
Q

Praxis

A

ability to rapidly conceive of and plan motor acts in response to environment

25
Q

apraxia

A

inability to carry out purposeful skilled movement disturbance of planning and execution

26
Q

Ideational apraxia

A

inability to cognitively understand the demands of a task involving multiple steps

27
Q

ideomotor apraxia

A

difficulty with production errors even though the idea and task are understood

28
Q

Tactile agnosia

A

inability to attach meaning to somatosensory info

29
Q

Astereognosis

A

inability to identify objects by touch only

30
Q

Stereognosis

A

testing by occluding vision and using hands to identify objects

31
Q

visual agnosia

A

inability to identify or recognize familiar objects or people

32
Q

Floor reaction AFO

A

set in plantarflexion anterior shell / band stabilize the knee

33
Q

who would benefit from a KAFO

A

spinal cord injury patients NOT stroke patients you need proximal movement to get anywhere

34
Q

Knee joints in KAFO

A

Drop Lock (locks in extension) Bail lock (U shape at knee)

35
Q

Jane is a 78 y.o. s/p L MCA stroke 3 weeks ago R LE strength: Hip 4/5 Quads 4/5, hamstrings 3+/5 TA 2/5, PF 3/5, evertors 1/5 Impaired sensation to light touch and proprioception Type II DM with history of one foot ulcer in the past Currently ambulating with mod A Goals: ambulate in home and community

A

Custom Plastic, hinged Neutral PF

36
Q

L LE strength: Hip 4/5 Quads 2+/5, hamstrings 2/5 Ankle muscles 1/5 Impaired sensation Non-ambulatory until recently; currently standing with mod to max A; has taken few steps in parallel bars with max A, plus one to follow w/ w/c Goals: ambulate in home and community

A

AFO custom plastic fixed slight PF (stabilize the knee)

37
Q
A

plastic

interchangeable in shoes

lightweight

LIMIT: hot take up space in shoe

38
Q
A

metal

for patients who have a lot of swelling

LIMIT: can only have one shoe

older patients and polio patients

39
Q
A

PLS

thin narrow shell allows some movement at ankle

“spring back” for foot clearance

assist dorsiflexion

Hypertonic patients

40
Q
A

Articulating AFO

joint at ankle

allow dosriflexion, stops PF

pinching and knee buckleing LIMITS

41
Q
A

non articulating AFO

limit motion at ankle

good for pts with ankle and knee weakness

control subtalar joint

42
Q

Floor reaction AFO

A

set in PF

Anterior shell / band

prevents knee flexion

for knee stability issues

43
Q

Tone reducing AFO

A

typically kids

extended foot plate to control toes

medial and lateral control of ankle