Collapsing Trachea Flashcards Preview

Respiratory Conditions > Collapsing Trachea > Flashcards

Flashcards in Collapsing Trachea Deck (28)
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1
Q

What dogs are predisposed to tracheal collapse?

A

Older toy and miniature dogs (usually obese)

2
Q

What type of cough can you elicit from a dog with collapsing trachea?

A

Honking cough

3
Q

What can collapsing trachea be 2* to?

A

Heart failure or chronic bronchitis

4
Q

What age range does collapsing trachea usually affect?

A

Older (7yo)

5
Q

What are early signs of collapsing trachea?

A

Mild productive cough and exercise intolerance

6
Q

What triggers dyspnea in a collapsing trachea case?

A

Excitement or anxiety

7
Q

What is the pathophysiology for primary collapsing trachea?

A

Weak/redundant dorsal tracheal membrane

8
Q

If the extrathoracic trachea (neck) is involved, when will the trachea collapse?

A

On inspiration

9
Q

If the intrathoracic trachea is involved, when will the trachea collapse?

A

On expiration

10
Q

What happens to the cartilaginous rings of the trachea that causes them to collapse?

A

They become hypoplastic or fibrodystrophic

11
Q

How do you diagnose collapsing trachea?

A

Honking cough, flattened trachea on radiographs, endoscopy

12
Q

How do you treat collapsing trachea?

A

ID underlying cause and sx tx accordingly, intratracheal stent

13
Q

When is medical management a better option for collapsing trachea?

A

When bronchial collapse is also present

14
Q

How do you treat collapsing trachea cases that also exhibit bronchial collapse?

A

Wt. loss, anxiolytics, bronchodilators

15
Q

If the tracheal cartilage is normal and tracheal collapse is only mild, what surgical treatment can you do?

A

Dorsal tracheal membrane plication

16
Q

What are cons of intratracheal stenting?

A

Stent can fracture, collapse prox/distal to stent, may induce mucus production

17
Q

What is the success rate of a properly used intratracheal stent?

A

80%

18
Q

What external tracheal supports are available for treatment of collapsing trachea?

A

Plastic rings, polypropylene syringe cases, Teflon tubing

19
Q

Why is external tracheal support not commonly used?

A

Results have not been consistent

20
Q

Do practitioners usually opt for surgical or medical treatment of collapsing trachea and why?

A

Medical because sx intervention is not highly successful

21
Q

How do you demonstrate intrathoracic tracheal narrowing on radiographs?

A

End-insp and end-exp pictures

22
Q

What type of flattening of the tracheal rings do you see with tracheal collapse?

A

Dorsoventral flattening

23
Q

What are the cartilage rings deficient in that causes them to be weak and collapse?

A

Glycosaminoglycans, condroitin, and calsium

24
Q

Is 1* or 2* tracheal collapse more common?

A

2*

25
Q

Why might a tracheal collapse case be hyperthermic?

A

Obstruction of upper airway prevents patients from cooling themselves

26
Q

Do patients that have undergone surgical treatment still need medical management for tracheal collapse?

A

Yes usually lifelong daily meds

27
Q

What cough suppressants can you give a tracheal collapse?

A

Hydrocodone or butorphanol

28
Q

What bronchodilator is useful for tracheal collapse?

A

Theophylline