Congenital Abnormalities Info - finished

Question 1

When do congenital anomalies begin?

Answer 1

From birth, however some can manifest as ossification progresses

Question 2

What is usually the most serious.. localised or generalised congenital anomalies

Answer 2

Generalised

Question 3

What % of children are born with congenital anomalies?

Answer 3

2-5% with a further 2-5% found before 5 yoa

Question 4

What is the study of congenital anomalies?

Answer 4

Teratology

Question 5

What % of congenital anomalies are idiopathic?

Answer 5

40-60%

Question 6

What % of congenital anomalies are as a result of genetics?

Answer 6

15%

Question 7

What % of congenital anomalies are as a result of enviornmental factors?

Answer 7

10%

Question 8

What % of congenital anomalies are as a result of environment and genetics combined?

Answer 8

20-25%

Question 9

What are malformations?

Answer 9

Occurring during organogenesis/the formation of structures.
Result in partial or complete absence of a structure or in alteration in normal configuration.
Caused by environmental and/or genetic factors. Occur commonly during 3rd – 8th weeks of gestation.

Question 10

What are disruptions?

Answer 10

Result in morphological alterations of structures after their formation and are due to a destructive process

Question 11

What are deformations?

Answer 11

Due to mechanical forces that mould a part of the foetus over a prolonged period of time. e.g. clubfeet

Question 12

What is a syndrome?

Answer 12

A group of anomalies occurring together that have a specific, common aetiology.