COPD and ASTHMA management Flashcards Preview

2006 Ageing, Health and Care > COPD and ASTHMA management > Flashcards

Flashcards in COPD and ASTHMA management Deck (9)
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1
Q

What is asthma?

A

Asthma = chronic lung condition that can be controlled but not cured

  • a respiratory condition marked by attacks of spasm in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing
  • diagnosed though  clinical findings and lung function tests
2
Q

What are the principles of asthma management?

A

• Confirming the diagnosis
• Assessing asthma control
• Identifying management goals in collaboration with the patient
• Reviewing and adjusting drug treatment periodically
- develop asthma plan
• Providing information, skills and tools for self-management

3
Q

Guidelines of asthma and COPD management

A
C = Case identification and confirm diagnosis 
O = optimise function 
P = prevent deterioration 
D = develop plan of care 
X - Exacerbations management
4
Q

Management of acute asthma?

A

Severe asthma = asthma that remains uncontrolled despite high dose inhaled corticosteroids plus long-acting beta 2 agonist
• Assessing severity, while starting bronchodilator treatment immediately
• Administering O2 if required and titrating to target of 92-95%
• Completing observations and assessments based on severity
• Administering systemic corticosteroids in first hour
• Reassessing response to treatment
• Observe patient for at least an hour after dyspnoea

5
Q

Common treatments fo asthma non pharmacological

A
  • Asthma treatment concentrates on management of symptoms and prevention of exacerbation of symptoms
    o Assessing control
    o Identifying management goals
    o Choosing, reviewing and adjusting right treatment
    o Providing skills and tools for self-management (patient education)
    o Education patient about smoking harmful effects
6
Q

Common treatments fo asthma pharmacological

A

o Short acting beta agonist (SABA) – most common
o Inhaler cortical steroids (ICS)
o Long-acting Beta agonist (LABA)

7
Q

What is COPD?

A

= A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe.

  • Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, asthma, bronchiectasis and cystis fibrosis
  • Decreased elastic recoil, fibrotic changes in lung parenchyma and liminal obstruction due to increased mucus secretions leads to increased airway resistance
  • Expiratory flow limitation promotes hyperinflation
  • Progressive hypoxia leads to vascular smooth muscle thickening - pulmonary hypertension
  • Airflow limitation is usually progressive and associated with abnormal inflammatory response to noxious particles or gases
8
Q

What are the principles of COPD management?

A
  • Optimize function (respiratory function)
  • Maintain quality of life
  • Reduce hospital readmissions
9
Q

Common treatments for COPD?

A
  • Bronchodilators
  • Corticosteroids. …
  • Antibiotics. …
  • Smoking cessation medications. …
  • Anxiolytics