Flashcards in Corticospinal Tract and Motor Pathways Deck (28):
1
Spasticity
Hyperrfexia
2
Signs of lower motor neuron lesion
Muscle weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, decreased tone, hyporeflexia
3
Fasciculations
Abnormal muscle twitch (e.g., eye twitch when tired or too much caffine)
4
Atrophy
Muscles waste away due to lack of use
5
What are upper motor neurons
Corticospinal tract where project from the cerebral cortex to lower neurons of the anterior horn
6
Lower motor neurons
In spinal cord and project via peripheral nerves to skeletal muscles
Also in the brainstem
7
Thoracic cord lesion sign
Dialated eyes
8
Significant sign of ALS
Both UMN and LMN signs
9
What areas does the motor feedback loop involve
Cortex, brainstem, cerebellum, basal ganglia, and thalamus
10
Lateral corticospinal Tract
Deliberate movement
Movement of contralateral limbs
Primary motor cortex, frontal, parietal
11
Medial motor systems
Trunk posture
12
How does motor input travel
Precentral region to internal capsule to lateral corticospinal tract
13
How does corricospinal tract travel?
Anterior media
Then jumps to lateral in the spinal cord
14
Pyramidal decussation
Where tract fibers cross over
15
Lesions above pyramidal decussation vs. lesion below
Above - contralateral weakness
Below - ipsilateral weakness
16
Unilateral face, arm, leg weakness cause - with no sensory deficit
Unlikely to be cortical because would involve the entire motor strip
Not spinal because face would be spared
Lacunar infarct or problem in the corona radiata
Above pyramidal deccusation
17
Signs of upper motor neuron lesions
Muscle weakness and a combination of increased tone and hyperflexia sometimes referred to as spasticity
Abnormal reflexes such as Babinski sign and Hoffman's sign
18
Unilateral face, arm, leg weakness cause - with somatosensory, oculomotor, visual, or higher cortical deficits
Could be infarct, hemorrhage, tumor, herniation, post-ictal state
Entire primary motor cortex
19
Somatosensory
Sensitive to touch
20
Paresis
Weakness (partial paralysis)
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Plegia
No movement
22
Paralysis
No movement
23
Palsy
Weakness or no movement
24
Quadri- or tetra-
All four limbs
25
Hemi-
One side of the body
26
Para
Both legs involved
27
Mono-
One limb
28