Counseling & Helping Relationships

Question 1

Explain Topographic Notion

Answer 1

The mind has depth like an iceberg.

Question 2

Define Unconscious

Answer 2

Composed of material hidden or unknown to the client.

Question 3

Define Preconscious

Answer 3

Capable of bringing idea, images, & thoughts into awareness.

Question 4

Define Conscious

Answer 4

Aware of the immediate environment.

Question 5

Define Depth Psychology

Answer 5

Related to Freud’s Topographic Hypothesis.

Question 6

Explain Oedipus Complex

Answer 6

The complex of emotions aroused in a young child, typically around the age 4, by an unconscious sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex & wish to exclude the parent of the same sex.

Question 7

Define Transference

Answer 7

When a client displaces emotion felt toward a parent, partner, caregiver, etc. onto the counselor.

Question 8

Define Countertransference

Answer 8

When the therapist displaces emotion back onto the client.

Question 9

Define Free Association

Answer 9

Instructing the client to say whatever comes to mind even if it seems silly or embarrassing.

Question 10

Name the theorists associated with the Analytical Movement

Answer 10

Freud, Jung, & Adler

Question 11

Define Abreaction

Answer 11

Talking about difficulties in order to purge emotions & feelings is a curative process.

Question 11

Explain Freud’s thoughts on dreams

Answer 11

Dreams are composed of a surface meaning (manifest content), and then a hidden meaning (latent content).

Question 11

Define Classical Psychoanalysis

Answer 11

Was quite lengthy (3-5 sessions per week for years)

Question 11

Define Insight

Answer 11

The attempt to help clients recall repressed memory & make it conscious so it can be dealt with.

Question 12

Explain Psychodynamic Counseling

Answer 12

• Utilizes fewer sessions per week
• Does not utilize the couch
• Performed face to face

Question 12

Define Catharsis

Answer 12

The process of releasing, providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions.

Question 13

Define Sour Grape Rationalization

Answer 13

Underrating a reward to protect from a bruised ego.

Question 14

Define Sweet Lemon Rationalization

Answer 14

Overrating a reward to protect from a bruised ego.

Question 15

Define Resistance

Answer 15

Client’s tendency to inhibit or fight against the therapeutic process.

Question 16

Define Interpretation

Answer 16

Makes client’s aware of their unconscious processes.

Question 17

Define Ego Defense Mechanisms

Answer 17

Unconscious strategies, which distort reality and are based on self-deception to protect our self-image.

Question 18

How many defense mechanisms are there?

Answer 18

12

Question 19

Define Compensation

Answer 19

Strengthen one to hide another.

Question 20

Define Denial

Answer 20

Refusing to face a negative behavior.

Question 21

Define Displacement

Answer 21

Taking it out on someone else.

Question 22

Define Identification

Answer 22

Attaching to something positive.

Question 23

Define Introjection

Answer 23

Conforming to feelings for approval.

Question 24

Define Projection

Answer 24

Seeing your unacceptable desires on others.

Question 25

Define Rationalization

Answer 25

Excuse & justify mistakes by substituting acceptable reasons for less-acceptable real reasons.

Question 26

Define Reaction Formation

Answer 26

Reducing anxiety by adoption beliefs contrary to your own beliefs.

Question 27

Define Regression

Answer 27

Returning to coping strategies for less mature development.

Question 28

Define Repression

Answer 28

Suppressing painful memories or thoughts.

Question 29

Define Ritual & Updoing

Answer 29

Override the negative with a habit.

Question 30

Define Sublimation

Answer 30

Redirecting unaccpetable desires into something acceptable.

Question 31

Who is Eric Berne?

Answer 31

Responsible for Transactional Analysis (TA)

Question 32

What are Berne's 3 Ego States in Transactional Analysis (P-A-C)

Answer 32

* Parent * Adult * Child

Question 33

Explain The Parent

Answer 33

* Exteropsyche (strongly resembles Freud's Superego) * Synthesis of the messages received from parental figures & significant others.

Question 34

Explain The Adult

Answer 34

* Neopsyche (strongly resembles Freud's Ego) * Rational, Logical, and DOES NOT focus on feelings.

Question 35

Explain The Child

Answer 35

* Archaeopsyche (strongly resembles Freud's ID) * The little kid within

Question 36

Define Structural Analysis

Answer 36

When a counselor analyzes out of which ego state a client is primarily operating & describing the client using (P-A-C) conceptualization.

Question 37

Define Second-Order Structural Analysis

Answer 37

When a counselor analyzes an ego state within an ego state.