Cranial Nerve Diagnostics And Disorders Flashcards
What is the clinical presentation of horners syndrome?
= disruption of the sympathetic supply to the eye
Miosis Ptosis Enopthalmos Protrusion of 3rd eyelid Sweating
How can horners be diagnosed?
Topical 1% phenylephrine
Alpha 1 adrenoreceptor agonist
Causes pupil dilation
What muscles does the Occulomotor n. Supply?
Dorsal rectus
Ventral rectus
Ventral oblique
Levator palpebrae superioris
Pupillary constriction
What do lesions in the Occulomotor n. Cause?
Ventrolateral strabismus
What extraocular m. does the trochlear n. innervate?
Dorsal oblique m.
What signs does a lesion in the trochlear n. create?
Dorsomedial strabismus and pupil rotation
What muscles does the abducens nerve innervate?
Ipsilateral lateral rectus
Retractor bulbi
What signs does a lesion in the abducens n. show?
Medial strabismus
What presentation does lesions in the trigeminal n. cause?
Masticatory m. atrophy
Jaw drop
Loss of sensation to the skin of the face
What is the most common cause of a lesion in the Trigeminal n.?
Neoplasia
How do lesions in the facial n. present?
Paralysis of the muscles of facial expression
- drawn back ear
- asymmetrical facial expression
Loss of sensation in the rostral 2/3 of the tongue
Loss of lacrimation and salivation
How does lesions to the glossopharyngeal n. present?
Laryngeal paralysis - risk of aspiration pneumonia
Loss of salivary secretion
What does the Vagus n. innervate?
Motor - larynx, pharynx, oesophagi a
Sensory - larynx, pharynx, abdominal and thoracic viscera
Parasympathetic supply to the abdominal and thoracic viscera
What do lesions in the accessory n. present as?
Atrophy of the trapezius, sternoceohalicus and brachiocephalicus
How do lesions in the hypoglossal n. present?
Tongue deviated to one side
How can you test the function of the olfactory n.?
Reduced of absent smell
How can you test the function of the optic n.?
Vision
Menace response
PLR
Visual placing
How can you test the function of the Occulomotor n.?
PLR
Physiological nystagmus
Eye position at rest
How can you test trochlear n. function?
Physiological nystagmus
Eye position at rest
How can you test trigeminal n. function?
Size and symmetry of masticating muscles
Sensation of the cornea, eyelid and nose
How can you test abducens function?
Physiological nystagmus
Eye position at rest
Corneal reflex
How can you test facial n. function?
Facial symmetry
Palpebral reflex
Corneal reflex
Menace
How can you test Vestibulocochlear n. function?
Brain auditory evoked response
Vestibular signs
How can you test glossopharyngeal n. function?
Gag reflex
