CV Alterations Flashcards
(37 cards)
What can cause Acute Rheumatic Fever?
throat infection with group A Streptococcal infection (Strept Throat)
When are Kawasaki epidemics most likely to happen?
Winter and Spring
S/S for Kawasaki’s disease?
– High fever 100.4 – 105.8F (38-41C) – Conjuctival injection with photophobia – Oral changes – Polymorphous erythematous rash – Changes in hands and feet – Unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy
TX for Kawasaki’s?
– IV Immune globulin
– ASA therapy
– Coumadin
What should you monitor if you give IVIG?
Vitals. This is a blood product so if you see any adverse reaction you should discontinue and notify practitioner.
If a child presents with flu like symptoms or chicken pox while on asprin what should you do?
Discontinue Aspirin. You may change to another med like dipyridamole (Persantine)
What kinds of procedures can lead to Infective Endocarditis?
Invasive procedures. Examples:
• Invasive procedures (Box 25-6) – Dental Work – Tonsillectomy or Adenoidectomy – Rigid bronchoscopy – Surgical procedures involving respiratory mucosa – Esophageal stricture dilatation – Surgery involving biliary tract or intestinal mucosa – GU tract procedures
What are Olser Nodes?
Pea-sized nodules on the pads of fingers and toes. It is a late sign of Infective Endocarditis.
What are Janeway Lesions?
Small areas of hemorrhage on the soles and palms. This is also a late sign of Infective Endocarditis.
What are some clinical manifestations of Infective Endocarditis?
– Most non-specific – New or changing murmur – Tachycardia – Heart Failure *late signs can be Olser Nodes and/or Janeway Lesions.
When is prophylaxis against Infective Endocarditis recommended?
– Prosthetic Cardiac valve – Previous Hx of IE – Complex Cyanotic Heart DZ – Surgically constructed arterial to pulmonary shunts – Acquired rheumatic valvular Dz – Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy – MVP with regurgitation
Nursing management for Infective Endocarditis?
– Properly obtain blood cultures – Administering IV antibiotics – Possible PICC line – CHF – Teaching
Define Hypertension
Hypertension– systolic or diastolic blood pressure equal to or greater than the 95th percentile for age, sex and height on 3 separate occasions.
Define Pre-Hypertension?
if reading is between the 90th and 95th percentile
What are some things that can help diagnose secondary hypertension?
• Any Dx testing is guided by the H&P – Renal Ultrasound – Labs: CBC, CMP, U/A, Lipid panel, renin levels – Echocardiogram – B/P in legs
What are some treatments for Primary Hypertension?
- Wt loss
- Low Salt diet
- Exercise
- Medications
Who should get screened for hyperlipidemia?
– Children > 2 years of age in the following groups
• Parents or Grandparent with HX of CAD or PAD prior to age 55.
• Parent with Total Cholesterol > 200
• Children and adolescents with several risk factors for future CAD.
Treatment for hyperlipidemia?
– Lifestyle changes
• Diet
• Weight Loss
• Exercise
What types of meds are given for hyperlipidemia?
• Statins
In achute rheumatic fever what do you look for primarily?
A murmur
What is the leading cause of rheumatic fever?
Strep throat
How many times do you have to screen a person before you can call them Hypertensive?
3
What is the preferred method of having a BP taken for a pediatric patient?
Through Auscultation
What is the most important teaching for those with Acute Rheumatic Fever?
Teach them to complete their meds!
