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CV-anemia Flashcards

1
Q

What are normal causes of Anemia?

A

Dec iron, B12, or folic acid- INC HGB

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2
Q

What gives detail of color of RBC and info of anemia?

A

Mean corpouscular[Hgb]. N- 33.-35

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3
Q

What if MCHC ranges is <33, what is color?

A

Hypochromic-DEC Hgb lighter. Hyperchromic darker, rare >35

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4
Q

What is needed to make Hgb?

A

Iron, VB12, VB9, Erythropoietin-RBC

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5
Q

Mrs. White cc fatigue, tachycardia, angina. PE-orthostasis, syncope, SOB? What is DDX

A

Anemia sypmtoms

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6
Q

Mrs. White Hgb is 8.5 g/d? What is this DX?

A

Moderate Anemia . MILD 10-12, SEVERE <8

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7
Q

Lead poisoning, Thalessemia, Anemia all show a MCV of?

A

MCV < 80, MICROCYTIC

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8
Q

VIT B12 DFX, folate dfx, Liver Dz, Alcholism, HypothyRoid, Chemo, HIV all have a MCV of?

A

MCV > 96, MACROCYTIC

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9
Q

What condtions have normal MCV

A

CKI, Sudden blood loss, Hemolytic anemia

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10
Q

What are 2/2 labs to order if anemia is suspected?

A

hihg due to HIGH 1st pass, IV 5m x 3

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11
Q

How do you treat a Pt w/ significant blood loss, with normocytic anemia?

A

Transfuse Blood, Hemopoietic growth factors

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12
Q

What is microcytic hypochromic anemia?

A

Low vol of RBC and low HgB, light color. TX- IRON

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13
Q

How do you treat macrocytic anemia?

A

Large vol of RBC.. TX- Vit B12, Folate

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14
Q

Pt has PMH of GI bleeding. What is considered to improve in their diet?

A

IRON replacement 1. LIVER, oysters, cereals, soybeans, tofu, Lentils

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15
Q

What increases iron absorption when treating iron deficiency anemia?

A

Vit C

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16
Q

Pt is pregnant what are some ADR to consider in iron replacement?

A

Black stools- upper GI tract bleeds, darken b/c old. OTHER- GI upset

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17
Q

How long should you recheck values?

A
  1. reticulocytes by 1wk , H/H 2-4wks. 1-2mo. 4. SX of SOB, HA better w/in 3w 5. TREAT for 3-6mo
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18
Q

What is ideal strength and iron % to recc to pts?

A

PO-#1. Ferrous fumarate 33% iron 2. Ferrous sulfate 20-30 %iron 200-325 mg strength

19
Q

What are major risk with iron?

A

Child who ingest NO mech. for reversal of OD. SX 1. necrotizing gasteris 2. shock 3. lethargy 4. SOB 5. Metabolic acidosis 6. death coma

20
Q

How do you treat iron OD?

A
  1. Sedate and pump 2. Acid base correct 3. Parenteral deferoxamine 4. Charcoal does not absorb iron in gut
21
Q

Pt has issue with PO iron, not absorbing well? What med can be used?

A
  1. Parenteral iron Ferumoxytoal- NO MRI 2. Iron: Sucrose, dextran, ferric gluconate
22
Q

Pt has PMH of CKD what meds can be given for anemia?

A

iron sucrose & gluconate. Slow IV or Inj. ADR- HYPOTENSION and CRAMPS

23
Q

Mr. heme has anemia and had a reaction to iron via IV. What drug is causing this?

A

Iron DEXTRAN ADR- BBW ANAPHYLAXIS. Slow and low. Test dose

24
Q

Which parenteral iron agent is ideal for peds?

A

Iron gluconate

25
What is common factor in people with neurologic d/o?
B12 deficiency
26
Proton pump, Metformin, ETOH lead to ?
B12 deficiency
27
Which group of people need more monitoring for B12?
DM and vegans, biartric, Chrons/Celiac, ETOH
28
Where is folate in foods?
yeast, liver, Kidney, leafy green
29
How long should follow up be for B12 and folic dfx anemia?
PO, IV- reticulocytes 3-4d, 1-2mo
30
Where is folate and B12 stored?
Liver
31
What is requried by proximal jejunm to store folic acid?
Requires B12
32
What tx for this condition can mask B12 dfx, thus L/t neuolgoic irreverislble d/o, neural tube defect?
megalblastic anemia w/ folate TX
33
ETOH, pregnant, vegans, malabsorbers, CA, Renal dfx are depleted of which compound?
Folic acid
34
Which drug dec absorbtion of Folate?
Phenytoin (epilepsy), isoniazide (TB), OCP. Methortroate, Trim/Sulfa,
35
Why cant hematopoeitc growth factors be given PO?
Proteins large. Stomach will digest them
36
Erythropoetin is given to treat?
CKD, HIV, Chemo. JWs
37
Where is EPO made?
Kidney hormone released to inc RBC
38
When giving EPO, what should be monitored?
H/H will inc. rapidly d-wks. Thrombosis. Seizures, Tumor progress, CVA, MI, HTN encephalapathy
39
What should be checked b4 giving EPO?
H/H bc if HIGH or Normal, no EPO is needed- induce DEATH
40
What is advantage of Darbepoetin?
IV/SQ. Longer 1/2 life- pegalated oligosacc. Given 1x/wk vs 3x/wk EPO
41
Filgrastime, Pegfilgrastim, Sagramostin all are what?
Myeoloid growth factors- stimulate neutrophils production in bone marrow
42
The grastim can be used for which d/o?
Myelosupressive chemo. Bone marrow transplant. Neutropenia (severe Figrastime), Acute myeloid (Saramostin)
43
Which myeloid growth facotor causes spleen rupture, ARDs?
Filgrastim, Pegfilgrastim
44
Sargramostim ADR to some people is?
**ARF and arrythmia-N/V/D rash-

SUMPHARM (26 decks)

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