CVA CAT Flashcards
1
Q
What causes a stroke?
A
Interruption of blood flow to the brain
2
Q
Stroke in evolution
A
Infarct slowly progresses over 1-2 days
3
Q
Completed stroke
A
An abrupt a=infarct w/ immediate neurological deficits
4
Q
Types of strokes
A
- Ischemic
- Hemorrhagic
5
Q
Types of Ischemic strokes
A
- Thrombus
- Embolus
- Lacunar
6
Q
Thrombus stroke
A
-
7
Q
Embolus stroke
A
-
8
Q
Lacunar stroke
A
-
9
Q
Types of Hemorrhagic strokes
A
- Intracerebral
- Subdural
- Subarachnoid
10
Q
Intracerebral stroke
A
-
11
Q
Subdural stroke
A
-
12
Q
Subarachnoid stroke
A
-
13
Q
Modifiable risk factors for stroke
A
- Hypertension (most prevalent)
- Atherosclerosis
- Heart disease
- Diabetes
- Elevated cholesterol
- Smoking
- Obesity
14
Q
Non-modifiable risk factors for stroke
A
- Age (greatest one, age 65+)
- race
- Family history
- Sex
15
Q
Typical characteristics of a stroke
A
- Hemiplegia
- hemiparesis
- Sensory, visual, and perceptual impairments
- Balance abnormalities
- Dysphagia
- Aphasia
- Cognitive deficits
- Incontinence
- Emotional lability
16
Q
Labs/imaging w/ stroke
A
- CT to confirm area of infarct
- MRI for diagnosis of ischemia w/in brain
- Positron emission tomography gives info about cerebral perfusion and cell function
- Ultrasound for blood flow examination
- Angiography can ID a clot
17
Q
Common presentation w/ L CVA
A
- Weakness/paralysis to R side
- Impaired processing
- Heightened frustration
- Aphasia
- Dysphagia
- Motor apraxia
- R hemianopsia
18
Q
Common presentation w/ R CVA
A
- Weakness/paralysis to L side
- Poor attention span
- Impaired awareness and judgement
- Spatial deficits
- Memory deficits
- Left inattention
- Emotional lability
- Impulsive behavior
- L hemianopsia
19
Q
Pharmacological management of of CVA
A
- Thrombolytic agents
- Anticoagulants (contraindicated for hemorrhagic CVA)
- Diuretics
- Antihypertensives
20
Q
PT management of CVA
A
- NDT
- Motor control
- PNF
- Improve function
