CVS Pharmacology Flashcards
Cardio selective beta blockers?
Bisoprolol
Metoprolol (shorter acting)
Atenolol
Non-selective beta blockers?
Carvedilol
Propranolol
Beta blocker side effects and contra indications?
Asthma
Acute heart failure
Bradycardia or heart block
Fatigue
Impotence
PVD
Raynaud’s
Benefits of beta blockers?
Reduce myocardial oxygen demand
-decrease hr, contractilité
Improves relaxation of wall
Reduces rate of ischaemic events and mortality
What are dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers?
Relax smooth muscle (vasodilation)
-amlodipine
-felodipine
-nifedipine
Reduce afterload
What are non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers?
Reduce heart rate and contractility
-verapamil
-diltiazem
Side effects and cautions of calcium channel blockers?
Bradycardia/heart block (ndhp)
Reduced LV function
Hypotension
Peripheral oedema
Headache
How do nitrates work?
Relax smooth muscle
Reducing preload and afterload
Improves coronary flow
Doesn’t reduce mortality
Side effects/cautions for nitrates?
Severe aortic stenosis
Hypotension
Headache
Nicorandil?
K channel activator
Causes potassium influx (smooth muscle relaxation)
Side effects/cautions
GI ulceration, hypotension
Ivabradine?
Funny channel inhibitor (second line)
Only works in sinus rhythm
What drugs slow disease progression?
Statins
What are the P2Y12 inhibitors?
Ticagrelor
Prasugrel
Clopidogrel
Why is aspirin not ionised in gastric acid?
The pKa
