Dark and Light Rashes Flashcards Preview

Derm Exam 1 > Dark and Light Rashes > Flashcards

Flashcards in Dark and Light Rashes Deck (32)
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1
Q

hyperpigmented scaly macules on the upper chest and back can be significant for. less common on the face

A
  • tinea versicolor
2
Q

what test do you do to rule in tinea versicolor

A
  • KOH exam
3
Q

what do you see on a KOH exam with tinea versicolor

A
  • pseudohyphae - round spores of malassezia
4
Q

what happens with tinea versicolor when you start rubbing off for KOH exam. what do you see?

A
  • scale
5
Q

tinea versicolor in light skin types is hyper/hypopigmented

A
  • hyperpigmented
6
Q

tinea versicolor in dark skin types is hyper/hypopigmented

A
  • hypopigmented
7
Q

treatment of tinea versicolor

A
  • anti-dandruff or Ketoconazole shampoo - later and hold for 10-15 minutes
8
Q

treatment of tinea versicolor for limited disease

A
  • azoles creams for 2 weeks
9
Q

treatment of tinea versicolor for widespread diseaes

A
  • one time dose of oral fluconazole
10
Q

what is characterized by patchy light to dark brown pigmentation of the face

A
  • melasma
11
Q

what gender does melasma usually affect

A
  • women
12
Q

melasma is associated with _______ changes

A
  • hormonal
13
Q

melasma associated with what conditions

A
  • pregnancy - birth control pills - hormone replacement
14
Q

melasma worse with exposure to

A
  • UV radiation
15
Q

treatment for melasma

A
  • daily sunscreen - hydroquinone 4% cream
16
Q

what is a brown to blue-grey deposition that appears on patients that may involve the bones or thyroid. patient often has rosacea and is treated for it

A
  • minocycline pigmentation
17
Q

other causes of medication-related hyperpigmentation

A
  • amiodarone - hydroxychloroquine
18
Q

what are eczematous eruptions occurring with venous insufficiency and leg edema

A
  • stasis dermatitis
19
Q

extravasation in stasis dermatitis leads to _______ pigment and petechiae

A
  • brown pigment
20
Q

treatment of stasis dermatitis

A
  • elevation and compression stocking - medium potency topical steroids
21
Q

why do you avoid topical antibiotics with stasis dermatitis

A
  • half develop allergic contact dermaitis
22
Q

antibiotics to avoid with stasis dermatitis

A
  • neomycin - bacitracin
23
Q

what describes a common phenomenon of darkening/lightening of the skin at or around sites of injury or inflammation. individuals with olive or slightly darker complexion are at risk.

A
  • post inflammatory hyper/hypopigmentation
24
Q

what are well-circumscribed depigmented macules and patches

A
  • vitiligo
25
Q

test for vitiligo

A
  • wood’s light
26
Q

what is an autoimmune attack on melanocytes that favors areas of trauma

A
  • vitiligo
27
Q

vitiligo is associated with other _______ disorders

A
  • autoimmune
28
Q

treatment of vitiligo

A
  • potent topical steroids - tacrolimus ointment - phototherapy
29
Q

what is skin lightening that can result from potent topical or intralesional corticosteroids

A
  • steroid hypopigmentation
30
Q

what condition presents with reticulate dyspigmentation with nail dystrophy and oral leukoplakia with malignancy risk

A
  • dyskeratosis congenita
31
Q

most common gene implicated in dyskeratosis congenital and it’s role

A
  • DKC1 - telomere maintenance
32
Q

hypopigmented patches on the face of atopic children are usually _______

A
  • pityriasis alba