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Flashcards in deck_2213721 Deck (18)
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1
Q

what is the number one cause of morbidity and mortality in the U.S.

A

vascular disease

2
Q

what are the 2 mechanisms of vascular disease

A

narrowing/obstruction of the lumen,weakening of the vessel walls

3
Q

what are the three layers of the vessel walls

A

intima, media, and adventia

4
Q

what separates the intima from the media

A

internal elastic lamina

5
Q

what separates the media from the adventitia

A

external elastic lamina

6
Q

how is the inner portion of a blood vessel supplied

A

diffusion

7
Q

how is the outer portion of the blood vessel supplied

A

the vasa vasorum

8
Q

can all vessels spread disease

A

yes

9
Q

what is the continuous lining of all vessels that prevents clots

A

non-thrombogenic interface

10
Q

what causes the endothelial cells lining the lumen of a vessel to become proinflammatory

A

endothelial activation

11
Q

what causes endothelial activation

A

hypertension, diabetes, or infections

12
Q

what congenital anomaly is found in cerebral vessels, is likely to rupture and lead to stroke

A

intracranial berry aneurysms

13
Q

what congenital anomoly is the connections of arterial and venous systems that bypasses capillaries (shunts past capillaries)

A

arteriovenou Fistulas

14
Q

what congential anomly is a local thickening of arterial walls leading to stenosis (ischemia)

A

fibromuscular dysplasia

15
Q

sodium balance in the kidneys is important to what system

A

renin-angiotensin system

16
Q

how is sodium balance related to blood

A

sodium balance is correlated to blood volume as sodium goes up blood volume also goes up

17
Q

increase in blood pressure stimulates what to regulate it

A

atrial natriuretic peptide

18
Q

what does atrial natriuretic peptide do

A

reducers sodium resorption, and promotes vasodilation