Deep Back and Trunk Muscles

Question 1

O: Multifidus

Answer 1

From the back of the sacrum; mamillary processes of lumbar; transverse processes of thoracic; articular processes of lower four cervical

Question 2

I: Multifidus

Answer 2

onto spinous processes of higher vertebrae; each multifidus spans 2-4 vertebrae

Question 3

N: Multifidus

Answer 3

supplied segmentally by dorsal primary rami of lumbar, thoracic spinal nerves

Question 4

A: Multifidus

Answer 4

bends or laterally flexes the vertebral column and rotates it to the opposite side, both sides act together to extend

Question 5

B: Multifidus

Answer 5

muscular branches of the aorta

Question 6

O: Rotatores

Answer 6

mammillary processes of lumbar; articular processes of cervical; transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae deep to multifidus

Question 7

I: Rotatores

Answer 7

base of the spines of the lumbar immediately above; base of the spines of the cervical immdeiately above; base of the spine of the thoracic vertebra above the origin

Question 8

N: Rotatores

Answer 8

dorsal promary rami of lumbar, thoracic, and cervical spinal nerves

Question 9

A: Rotatores

Answer 9

extension and bending to opposite side

Question 10

B: Rotatores

Answer 10

muscular branches of aorta

Question 11

O: External Oblique

Answer 11

fleshy slips from outer surface of ribs 5-12

Question 12

I: External Oblique

Answer 12

outer lip of iliac crest; aponeurosis of external oblique (linea alba)

Question 13

N: External Oblique

Answer 13

lower seven thoracic nerves T6-T12

Question 14

A: External Oblique

Answer 14

compresses abdominal viscera; each muscle bends the trunk to same side and rotates front of abdomen to opposite side; both muscles flex trunk forward

Question 15

B: External Oblique

Answer 15

lower intercostal and iliac or iliolumbar artery

Question 16

O: Internal Oblique

Answer 16

lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament; middle lip of iliac crest; thoracolumbar fascia

Question 17

I: Internal Oblique

Answer 17

inferior border of lower 3 or 4 ribs; linea alba; fuses with external oblique

Question 18

N: Internal Oblique

Answer 18

lower five thoracic nerves and first lumbar nerve T8-L1

Question 19

A: Internal Oblique

Answer 19

compresses abdominal viscera; both muscles flex trunk; each muscle bends and rotates the front of abdomen toward same side

Question 20

B: Internal Oblique

Answer 20

subcostal arteries

Question 21

O: Rectus Abdominus

Answer 21

fifth, sixth, and seventh costal cartilages; costoxiphoid ligaments and xiphoid process

Question 22

I: Rectus Abdominus

Answer 22

crest of pubis and pubic tubercle; front of pubic symphysis

Question 23

N: Rectus Abdominus

Answer 23

lower seven thoracic nerves T6-T12

Question 24

A: Rectus Abdominus

Answer 24

flexes vertebral column; tenses anterior abdominal wall; compresses abdominal contents

Question 25

B: Rectus Abdominus

Answer 25

epigastric artery and small contribution from lower intercostal

Question 26

O: Quadratus Lumborum

Answer 26

iliolumbar ligament and the adjacent iliac crest

Question 27

I: Quadratus Lumborum

Answer 27

medial half of the 12th rib and onto transverse processes of upper four lumbar vertebrae

Question 28

N: Quadratus Lumborum

Answer 28

branches from T12-L4

Question 29

A: Quadratus Lumborum

Answer 29

flexes vertebral column to same side; fixes 12th rib in breathing; both muscles together extend lumbar

Question 30

B: Quadratus Lumborum

Answer 30

lumbar and iliolumbar artery

Question 31

O: Diaphragm

Answer 31

dorsum of xiphoid process; inner surfaces of cartilages and adjacent parts of lower 6 ribs; medial and lateral acruate ligaments; cura from bodies of upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae

Question 32

I: Diaphragm

Answer 32

central tendonof diaphragm

Question 33

N: Diaphragm

Answer 33

phrenic nerve C3-C5

Question 34

A: Diaphragm

Answer 34

active during inspiration; assists in increasing intraabdominal pressure

Question 35

B: Diaphragm

Answer 35

phrenic artery

Question 36

O: Intercostals

Answer 36

inferior border of rib above

Question 37

I: Intercostals

Answer 37

superior border of the rib below

Question 38

N: Intercostals

Answer 38

intercostal nerve (from ventral rami of thoracic nerve)

Question 39

A: Intercostals

Answer 39

externals: draw ribs superiorly and assist with inhalation; internals: draw ribs inferiorly and assist with exhalation

Question 40

B: Intercostals

Answer 40

intercostal arteries

Question 41

O and I: Intertransversarii

Answer 41

spanning transverse processes of C2-L5

Question 42

N: Intertransversarii

Answer 42

spinal nerve

Question 43

A: Intertransversarii

Answer 43

laterally flex the vertebral column to same side; extension

Question 44

O and I: Interspinalis

Answer 44

spanning spinous processes of C2-L5

Question 45

N: Interspinalis

Answer 45

spinal nerve

Question 46

A: Interspinalis

Answer 46

extend the vertebral column

Question 47

What muscles form the abdominals?

Answer 47

rectus abdominus, external and internal obliques, transverse abdominus

Question 48

What muscles form the transversospinalis group?

Answer 48

multifidi, rotatores, semispinalis capitis

Question 49

Vertebral Column Flexion

Answer 49

rectus abdominus, external and internal obliques (psoas major and iliacus with insertion fixed)

Question 50

Vertebral Column Extension

Answer 50

longissimus, iliocostalis, multifidi, rotatores, semispinalis capitis, spinalis, quadratus lumborum (assists), interspinalis, intertransversarii, latissimus dorsi (assists when arm fixed)

Question 51

Vertebral Column Rotation

Answer 51

opposite: external oblique, multifidi, rotatores; same: internal oblique

Question 52

Vertebral Column Lateral Flexion

Answer 52

iliocostalis, external and internal oblique, longissimus, quadratus lumborum, psoas major (assists), intertransversarii, spinalis, latissimus dorsi (assists)

Question 53

Elevation/Expansion of Ribs (Inhalation)

Answer 53

anterior/middle/posterior scalene, SCM (assists), external intercostals (assists), serratus posterior superior, pec major, pec minor and SA (if scapula fixed), subclavius

Question 54

Depression/Collapse of Ribs (Exhalation)

Answer 54

internal intercostals (assists), serratus posterior inferior

Question 55

O: Transverse Abdominus

Answer 55

lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament and inner lip of ilian crest; thoracolumbar fascia; inner surface of ribs 7-12

Question 56

I: Transverse Abdominus

Answer 56

ends in an aponeurosis; upper fibers - linea alba, help form posterior layer of rectus sheath; lower fibers - attach to pubis to form conjoined tendon

Question 57

A: Transverse Abdominus

Answer 57

tenses abdominal wall; compresses abdominal contents

Question 58

N: Transverse Abdominus

Answer 58

lower six thoracic and first lumbar nerves (T7-L1)

Question 59

B: Transverse Abdominus

Answer 59

subcostal arteries