dermatology

Question 1

atopic dermatitis presentation

Answer 1

• rash: itchy, ill-defined erythematous rash (with possible scale, crust, papules, ooze or crust)
• site in infants: face, extensor surfaces (flexural surfaces spared)
• site in older children: classic flexural distribution

Question 2

atopic dermatitis management

Answer 2

• emollients
• possible topical steroids

Question 3

contact irritant dermatitis is also known as

Answer 3

nappy rash

Question 4

contact irritant dermatitis presentation

Answer 4

confluent erythema with sparing of skin folds around where nappy is

Question 5

contact irritant dermatitis management

Answer 5

• keep skin clean and dry (regularly change nappies)
• try to leave undressed if possible
• possible topical steroids
• prevention once healed (barrier creams with every nappy change)

Question 6

seborrhoeic dermatitis presentation

Answer 6

• new-borns: cradle cap (non-itchy, yellow scale on scalp)
• infants: flexural surfaces (axillae, neck creases, groin with no sparing of skin folds)

Question 7

seborrhoeic dermatitis management

Answer 7

• emollients
• possible topical steroids

Question 8

roseola infantum microbiology

Answer 8

• 6 months - 2 years
• roseola virus (type of herpes virus: HHV6)

Question 9

roseola infantum presentation

Answer 9

• high fever (possible febrile convulsions)
• discrete pink macular rash on trunk
• similar to rubella (differentiated based on higher fever and lack of sub occipital lymphadenopathy)

Question 10

roseoa infantum management

Answer 10

• anti-pyretics
• hydration

Question 11

roseola infantum complication

Answer 11

febrile convulsions

Question 12

erythema infectiosum is also known as

Answer 12

• fifth’s disease
• slapped cheek syndrome

Question 13

erythema infectiosum microbiology

Answer 13

parovirus B19

Question 14

erythema infectiosum presentation

Answer 14

• lethargy, fever, headache
• slapped cheek rash (bilateral macular erythema on face) spreading to proximal arms and extensor surfaces
• maculopapular rash with lacy erythema on trunk
• fever and polyarthritis

Question 15

erythema infectiosum management

Answer 15

rest and fluids

Question 16

erythema infectiosum complication

Answer 16

neonatal death if caught be pregnany mother

Question 17

chicken pox cause

Answer 17

varicella zoster

Question 18

chicken pox presentation

Answer 18

• intensely itchy rash that starts with macules and progresses into papules and vesicles that burst and crust over
• usually starts on face and then spreads over whole body
• fever initially
• mild systemic upset

Question 19

chicken pox management

Answer 19

• keep cool, trim nails, calamine lotion
• school exclusion until 5 days onset of rash

Question 20

chicken pox complications

Answer 20

• pneumonia
• encephalitis
• disseminated haemorrhagic chickenpox
• arthritis, nephritis, pancreatitis

Question 21

hand, foot and mouth cause

Answer 21

coxsackie virus

Question 22

hand, foot and mouth presentation

Answer 22

• viral prodrome (sore throat with grey vesicles surrounded by erythema with mouth ulcers)
• rash and/or vesicles on palms and soles of feet

Question 23

hand, foot and mouth management

Answer 23

do nothing (self limiting)

Question 24

what is Henoch Schonlein purpura

Answer 24

• IgA mediated small vessel vasculitis
• kids post-infection

Question 25

Henoch Schonlein presentation

Answer 25

- on extensor surfaces with abdominal pain and flitting arthralgia - palpable purpuric rash with localised oedema over buttocks and extensor surfaces of arms and legs

Question 26

Henoch Schonlein management

Answer 26

- analgesia for arthralgia - supportive for nephropathy

Question 27

immune thrombocytopenic purpura presentation

Answer 27

post-infective purpura with mild mucosal bleeding in otherwise well child

Question 28

immune thrombocytopenic purpura diagnosis

Answer 28

bloods (thrombocytopenia)

Question 29

immune thrombocytopenic purpura management

Answer 29

do nothing (self limiting)

Question 30

impetigo cause

Answer 30

S. aureus

Question 31

impetigo presentation

Answer 31

honey coloured crusted rash on face

Question 32

impetigo management

Answer 32

- topical fusidic acid - severe/extensive: oral flucloxacillin or clarithromycin - school exclusion until lesions have crusted over or until 48 hours after starting antibiotics

Question 33

erythema toxicum presentation

Answer 33

pustules with surrounding erythema, which can become widespread and confluent

Question 34

erythema toxicum diagnosis

Answer 34

clinical

Question 35

erythema toxicum management

Answer 35

self limiting