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D2: 622 Oral Pathology > Developmental defects - Funny Looking Things > Flashcards

Developmental defects - Funny Looking Things Flashcards

1
Q

What causes orofaccial clefts?

A

Secondary to lack of or improper merging & fusion of developmental process. Environmental and genetic factors.

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2
Q

Lateral palatine process also known as

A

Secondary palate/hard palate

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3
Q

What happens if secondary palate doesnt zip up?

A

Bifid uvula

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4
Q

List the various cleft

A

Cleft lip, cleft palate, Lateral facial cleft, Oblique facial cleft
Median cleft of the upper lip & Median maxillary anterior alveolar cleft

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5
Q

Environmental factors that cause orofacial clefts.

A

Maternal alcohol & cigarettes, folic acid deficiency, corticosteroid use, Anticonvulsants,

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6
Q

What is a syndrome?

A

3 or more clinical problems that occur together more frequently than statistically they should occur.

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7
Q

Cleft lip and or palate is?

A

failure of medial nasal process (primary palate) & maxillary process to fuse

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8
Q

What percent do cleft lip and palate occur together?

A

45%
30% CP alone
25% CL alone
3 - 8% associated with syndromes.

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9
Q

Complete and incomplete cleft

A

Complete goes all the way up to the nares. Incomplete does not.

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10
Q

Cleft lip more common in?

A

Males

Asians higher occurrence and Blacks lower

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11
Q

Cleft palate is?

A

failure of the palatal shelves to come together and fuse.

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12
Q

Cleft plate is more common in?

A

Females

ranges from severe to mild

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13
Q

What is minimal cleft palate?

A

Bifid uvula also mild cleft palate.

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14
Q

Bifid uvula is has high frequency in which race?

A

Asian and Native American.

Less common in Blacks

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15
Q

Pierre Robin Syndrome

A

Cleft Palate + Mandibular Micrognathia + Glossoptosis + Airway obstruction

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16
Q

Problems with Pierre Robin Syndrome?

A

Feeding, speech and malocclusion.

Tx: Surgical repair

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17
Q

Commussural Lip pits

A

blind invaginations 1-4mm deep located at the commissures. Painless

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18
Q

Commussural Lip pits are common in?

A

Males . No Tx necessaryy

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19
Q

Paramedian Lip Pits

A

This are pits on the lip like deep fingernail prints

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20
Q

Van der Woude syndrome

A

Paramedian Lip pits + cleft lip & or palate

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21
Q

Double lip

A

Upper lip showing a redundant fold on mucosal side. Drops down & out when smiling.
Congenital & isolated or found with Ascher syndrome

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22
Q

Ascher syndrome

A

Double lip + Blespharochalasis (double eyelid) + Nontoxic thyroid enlargement

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23
Q

Fordyce granules

A

Ectopic sebaceous gland on oral mucosa. Yello or yellowish-white papules.

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24
Q

Most common location of fordyce granules

A

buccal mucosa & vermilion border of lip.

LESS COMMON on retromolar area & tonsillar pillar

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25
Q

Leukoedema

A

Diffuse, grayish-white milky opalesccent appearance
Common in blacks
Unkown cause. It disappears when the cheek is stretched.

26
Q

Microglossia

A

ranges from totally missing(aglossia) to a slightly small tongue.
UNCOMMON

27
Q

What is associated to microglia

A

often associated with a syndrome or malocclusion

28
Q

Macroglossia

A

large tongue

uncommon causes drooling, difficult speech& eating, open bite, airway obstruction

29
Q

Reasons for Macroglossia

A

congenital/hereditary: Lymphangioma, cretinism, Down syndrome, MEN2b, Neurofibromatosis
Acquired: edentulous mandible, amyloidosis, Acromegaly, Myxedema, Acromegaly etc

30
Q

Apergnathia

A

open bite caused by macroglossia

31
Q

Ankyloglossia

A

“tongue tied.” A short thick lingual frenum causes limited protrusion of the tongue. Causes speech impediments.
More COMMON in MALES

32
Q

Lingual thyroid

A

Caused by embryonic failure of the primitive thyroid gland to migrate from the foramen cecum to the normal position in the midline neck

33
Q

Lingual thyroid most common in

A

Females

34
Q

Hairy Tongue

A

Elongation of the FILIFORM papillae with increased keratin production or decrease desquamation & debris.

35
Q

Varicosities

A

Abnormally dilated & tortuous veins. Multiple red-blue-purple nodules.

36
Q

Caliber-persistent Artery

A

A main thick walled arterial branch in submucosal tissue.
OLDER adults
Usually on LIPS
Linear & pulsating

37
Q

Eagle Syndrome (stylohyoid syndrome)

A

elongation & calcification of the stylohyoid ligament. Pain on swallowing, turning head & mouth wide opening due to impingement of nerves or blood vessels.

38
Q

Stafne Defect

A

Lingual cortical concavity filled with normal salivary gland tissue. Lingual Mandibular Salivary Gland Depression

39
Q

Location of Stafne Defect

A

Mostly submandibular gland in the posterior Mn below IAN.
RARE: below bicuspids &associated with sublingual gland.
MALE predilection

40
Q

Bohn’s nodules

A

palatal cyst on newborn 1-2mm white or yellow-white papules on jxn of hard & soft palate

41
Q

Epstein’s pearls

A

palatal cyst on newborn 1-2mm white or yellow-white papules near the midline.

42
Q

Most COMMON nonodontogenic cyst of the oral cavity

A

Nasopalatine duct cyst aka incisive canal cyst

Arises from epithelial remnants if the nasopalatine duct.

43
Q

Heart shaped radiolucency greater than 6mm

A

Nasopalatine duct cyst

44
Q

Most cysts are lined by squamous epi but which cysts are lined by pseudostrat columnar epi (respiratory epi)

A

Nasolabial cyst (NASOALVEOLAR CYST)

45
Q

Median palatal cyst

A

RARE swelling in midline of posterior hard palate

46
Q

Epidermoid cyst common in

A

young adults, male

47
Q

Dermoid cyst is

A

epidermoid ccyst with addition of aadnexal structures (sebaceous glands, hair follicles or sweat glands).

48
Q

Most common location of dermoid cyst orally

A

floor of mouth

49
Q

Painless epithelial remnants of the thryoglossal tract anywhere from foramen cecum to thyroid gland

A

Thyroglossal ducct ccyst

50
Q

Four yellow lesions

A

oral lymphoepithelial cyst
Fordyce granules
Abscess

51
Q

Synonym for Crouzon Syndrome

A

Craniofacial Dysostosis

52
Q

CROUZON SYNDROME (Craniofacial Dysostosis)

A

sutures in your calvarium and face close prematurely and have tight face, birds beak nose, micrognathia of Mn

53
Q

Pointed head and syndactyly (fingers connected)

A

Apert Syndrome: Acrocephalosyndactyly

54
Q

Mandibulofacial dysostosis

A

Aka Teacher collins syndrome. Autosomal dominant

55
Q

Hypophosphatasia

A

Hereditary decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase. Lack of cementum. DOES NOT affect decidious molars & permanent teeth

56
Q

Bilateral facial swelling mostly affecting Mandible?

A

Cherubism

X-ray:Bilateral “soap bubble” multilocular radiolucencies of the premolar-molar and ramus areas of the mandible

57
Q

Cleidocranial Dysplasia

A

Multiple unerupted teeth
Lack of clavicles
Short stature and large heads
Hypertelorism and frontal bossing

58
Q

What syndrome? Osteomas (jaw), colon polyps, multiple odontomas

A

Gardners Syndrome

59
Q

Nevoid Basal cell carcinoma syndrome

A

Hypertelorism
basal cell carcinoma skin
multiple OKC
skeletal abnormalities

60
Q

Defect in wall of small blood vessels allowing dilation and visible on skin and mucous membrane ?

A

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia

D2: 622 Oral Pathology (36 decks)

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