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Psych 351B > Developmental disorders > Flashcards

Developmental disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Age of onset:

childhood

A

Neurodevelopmental

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2
Q

Age of onset:
adolescence/young adulthood

Internalizing

externalizing

A

disorder
Internalizing
- negative affectivity (emotional, somatic)

externalizing
maladaptive behaviour
social actions
neurocognitive (adulthood, geriatrics)

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3
Q

What are the individual differences in age of onset?

Subtypes

specifiers

A

Subtypes:
groups that share certain distinct characteristics (refer to prognosis of “course”

specifiers:
inform treatment plans
-refer to specific characteristics

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4
Q

Categorization and causes

what is the difference in acuired vs. Inherited

what is the problem

A

Gained after birth vs. genetic transmission

The problem is that they are not mutually exclusive definitions

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5
Q

Environment categorization and causes

Diathesis-stress

Differential susceptibility

A

categorization and causes

Diathesis-stress: Negative factors

Differential susceptibility:
positive and negative factors

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6
Q

Individual
categorization and causes

Diathesis-stress

Differential susceptibility

A

categorization and causes

Diathesis-stress
vulnerability

Differential susceptibility
susceptibility

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7
Q

Results
categorization and causes

Diathesis-stress

Differential susceptibility

A

categorization and causes

Diathesis-stress:
risk

Differential susceptibility:
plasticity

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8
Q

Condition
categorization and causes

Diathesis-stress

Differential susceptibility

A

categorization and causes

Diathesis-stress:
neurodevelopmental

Differential susceptibility
disorder

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9
Q

Categorization and causes
acquired vs. inherited
what is the problem

A

Reductionism
the supposition that an event/situation is caused by one factor

genotype does not equal phenotypes

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10
Q

Categorization and causes
acquired vs. inherited

What is Epigenetics

A

Changes in gene function as a result of environmental influences

structural damage toxicity

environmental deprivation

Geschwind-Galaburda theory

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11
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Risks

cellular development affects what?
connectivity affects what?

earlier onset results in what?

A

Genetically speaking

Cellular development affects physiology, connectivity affects psychology

exceptions are rare but possible

earlier onset, the more sever the deficit

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12
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Risks

XY chromosome

A

Lack of protective factors; Y more unstable, only supports sex development, alteration increase susceptibility

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13
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Risks

Low birth weight

A

Proxy; associated with many (if not all) genetic/environmental factors

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14
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Risks

Deprivation

A

O2 folic acid omega 3

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15
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Risks

Genetic

A

Duplication: An additional chromosome

deletion: missing chromosome (some cases of only alleles)

Mosiacism: A blend of maternal/paternal genes across the body
-may explain variations in “phenotype” or syndromes

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16
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Risks

Environmental, what are teratogens?

A

Teratogens: Toxic substances that disrupt chemical processes resulting in developmental deficiencies

Virus: Zika, Rubella

Bacteria: toxoplasmosis

Drugs: Alcohol

NT’s: Cortisol

17
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Cerebral palsy is what?

A

Disorder in brain’s motor centers

-clinical period (Hereditary, congenital)
genetic abnormalities/disruption

Brain injury (perinatal, postnatal)
external forces acting upon child
18
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Cerebral palsy

Athetoid

Brain region
Behaviour

A

Basal ganglia

slow involuntary movements

19
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Cerebral palsy

Spastic

Brain region
Behaviour

A

Motor cortex/ corticospinal tract

limb resist movement

20
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Cerebral palsy

Ataxic

Brain region
Behaviour

A

Cerebellum

difficulty with voluntary movements

21
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

A 
Alcohol toxicity
growth deficiency
facial features (palpebral fissure, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip
CNS damage (structural, neurological of funtional
prenatal alcohol exposure

Psych 351B (10 decks)

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