Developmental Genetics

Question 1

The changing of a cell’s developmental fate

Answer 1

Transdetermination

Question 2

The setting of a cell’s particular development

Answer 2

Developmental Fate

Question 3

The process of creating final cell types out of stem cells

Answer 3

Cell Differentiation

Question 4

ABC Whorls

Answer 4

Outer --> Inner
A: Sepal
AB: Petal
BC: Stamen
C: Carpel

Question 5

Maternally Expressed Genes

Answer 5

1
Bicoid Transcript is deposited in the anterior end
Nanos Transcript is deposited in the posterior end
-Deposited by nurse cells in the mother
-Transcripts are then translated

Question 6

Gap Genes

Answer 6

2
Divide ends into regions
-Hunchback: Inhibited by nanos and enhanced by bicoid
-Other gap genes follow due to concentrations of hunchback, biocoid, and nanos proteins

Question 7

Pair-Rule Genes

Answer 7

3
Divide gap gene regions into segments
-Even-skipped gene expressed in odd segments
-Odd-skipped gene expressed in even segments

Question 8

Homeotic Genes

Answer 8

4
Affect the identity of pair-rule gene segments
-Ultrabithorax (Ubx): Distinguishes between Thoracic 2 (T2) and T3; only expressed in T3; suppresses T1 and T2 genes, leading to T2 genes in T3 if supressed
-Antennapedia (Antp): Expressed only in T1 and T2; controls formation of legs and other thoracic structures

(Hox genes in mammals)