Diabetes

Question 1

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 1

Insulin production from the beta cells of the pancreas is defective (lower than the normal person).

Question 2

How is insulin production defective in type 1 diabetes?

Answer 2

Beta cells fail to develop or they are destroyed due to autoimmune disease or a viral infection.

Question 3

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 3

Insulin production by beta-cells is normal and there is a defect in the response of cells to insulin (plasma insulin is normal or high).

Question 4

What are normal glucose levels?

Answer 4

1. Less than 6 mmol/L before the test
2. Doesn’t exceed the renal threshold
3. Less than 7.8 mmol/L two hours after the test

Question 5

What is renal threshold?

Answer 5

When glucose enters the urine.

Question 6

What are the results for impaired glucose tolerance?

Answer 6

1. Between 6-7 mmol/L before the test
2. Does/doesn’t exceed the renal threshold
3. 7.9-11 mmol/L two hours after the test

Question 7

What is a diabetic response?

Answer 7

1. More than 7 mmol/L before the test
2. Exceeds the renal threshold
3. More than 11 mmol/L two hours after the test