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CPT > Diabetes > Flashcards

Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

Which anti-diabetic drug has the strongest evidence?

A

Metformin

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2
Q

What are the risks of metformin?

A

Lactic acidosis- low risk if N renal/cardiac/liver function

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3
Q

What are the benefits of metformin?

A

No weight gain

No hypos

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4
Q

What are the risks of sulfonylureas?

A

Weight gain

Hypos

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5
Q

What are the risks of glitazones?

A

Fluid retention

Liver damage

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6
Q

What are e.gs of glitazone?

A

Rosiglitazone

Puiglutazone

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7
Q

How is exenatide administered?

A

Injected, can be long acting (once weekly)

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8
Q

What are the benefits of exenatide?

A

Promotes weight loss

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9
Q

What are the risks of exenatide?

A

Linked to acute pancreatitis
?malignancy
Promotes nausea

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10
Q

What medications are related to exenatide?

A

Liraglutide
Lixisenatide
Synthetic GLP-1 agonists

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11
Q

How do gliptins work?

A

Increase insulin secretion, reduce glucose absorption by preventing breakdown of endogenous incretins (GLP-1)

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12
Q

What are the benefits of Gliptins?

A

Possibly some CV benefit

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13
Q

How does acarbose work?

A

Blocks breakdown of starches

Works like orlistat- aversion therapy

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14
Q

What are side effects of glifozins?

A

Glycosuria
Polyuria
UTIs
Hypoglycaemia

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15
Q

What HbA1c is aimed for in diabetics?

A

48-58 mmol/L- lower in high risk patients

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16
Q

What are GLP-1s effects on the pancreas?

A

Increased insulin secretion
Reduced glucagon secretion
Increased beta cell proliferation

17
Q

What other RFs are important to control in diabetics? How do you mx?

A

BP- same targets as others

Statins- indicated without high LDL. Less evidence for fibrates

CPT (24 decks)

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