Dictionary

Question 1

Sexual reproduction

Answer 1

Involves gametes from 2 parents and leads to variation

Question 2

Asexual reproduction

Answer 2

One parent reproduces by mitosis to produce identical offspring

Question 3

Fertilisation

Answer 3

Nuclei of male & gametes fusing together, combining their chromosomes

Question 4

Pollination

Answer 4

Transfer of pollen from anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower

Question 5

Variation

Answer 5

Difference between individuals as a result of sexual reproduction

Question 6

Hydroponics

Answer 6

Plants grown in water containing nutrients, without soil

Question 7

Seed

Answer 7

Fertilised ovule containing an embryo plant and a food store
What a female gamete turns into after fertilisation

Question 8

Fruit

Answer 8

Mechanism for dispersing seeds formed from ovary wall

Question 9

Tissue culture

Answer 9

Modern, high tech process where new plant grown from few cells of a donor plant

Question 10

Germination

Answer 10

When a seed breaks dormancy and starts to grow into a new plant

Question 11

Pharming

Answer 11

Producing medicines using genetically modified plants

Question 12

Gamete

Answer 12

Special sex cells that parents produce during sexual reproduction

Question 13

Chromosomes

Answer 13

DNA molecule that carries genetic information organised into genes

Question 14

Gene

Answer 14

Sections of genetic code which are the instructions for building a new individual by getting proteins into correct order

Question 15

Ovary (mammal)

Answer 15

Female reproductive organ where eggs are produced

Question 16

Uterus

Answer 16

Organ in female mammal where offspring are conceived and where they are carried until birth

Question 17

Oviduct

Answer 17

Tube in which an egg passes from the ovary

Question 18

Embryo

Answer 18

Unborn offspring in the profess of developing, occurs after fertilisation of an egg.

Question 19

Amniotic sac

Answer 19

Thin walled sac that surrounds the foetus during pregnancy
Holds the amniotic fluid which protects foetus during pregnancy and helps regulate their temperature

Question 20

Stigma

Answer 20

Pollen grains become attached here

Question 21

Amniotic fluid

Answer 21

Protective liquid inside the amniotic sac which protects the growing foetus during pregnancy by acting like a cushion

Question 22

Placenta (mammal)

Answer 22

An organ inside the uterus which nourishes the foetus through the umbilical cord

Question 23

Placenta (flower)

Answer 23

Part of the ovary wall in which the ovules are attached

Question 24

Foetus

Answer 24

Offspring in the prenatal stages of development that follow the embryo stage
Called a foetus after implantation

Question 25

Prenatal

Answer 25

Before birth; during or related to pregnancy

Question 26

Pollen

Answer 26

Male gamete in a plant

Question 27

Ovule

Answer 27

Female gamete in a plant

Question 28

Ovary (plant)

Answer 28

Female part containing ovules

Question 29

Style

Answer 29

Connects stigma to ovary

Question 30

Stamen

Answer 30

Male part or anther and filament

Question 31

Anther

Answer 31

Contains pollen grains (male sex cells)

Question 32

Petal

Answer 32

Brightly coloured and scented to attract insects

Question 33

Sepal

Answer 33

Protects unopened flower

Question 34

Propagation

Answer 34

To produce more plants

Question 35

Tubers

Answer 35

Underground food stores with special cells that can grow into new plants when conditions are right

Question 36

Runners

Answer 36

Specialised stems which grow horizontally along the ground with baby plants at the end. When they touch soil roots are produced and the young plant can grow independently

Question 37

Leaflets

Answer 37

Special leaf tissues that can drop onto the soil and grow into new plants

Question 38

Bulb

Answer 38

Different type of underground food store made of adapted stems with fleshy leaves

Question 39

Artificial propagation

Answer 39

A type of propagation carried out by humans, where pieces of plant are cut off and are used to grow more plants identical to the parent plant

Question 40

Aesthetics

Answer 40

How pretty something looks