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Flashcards in Digestion & Metabolism Deck (26)
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0
Q

Catabolism

A

Large molecules broken down to small ones-releases energy

1
Q

Anabolism

A

Small molecules joined together to form complex structures-uses energy

2
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

The production of glucose from non-carbohydrate molecules

3
Q

LDLs

A

Transport cholesterol to tissue e.g blood vessels

4
Q

HDLs

A

Remove the cholesterol and return it to liver for elimination

5
Q

Glycogenesis

A

Synthesis of glycogen from glucose

6
Q

Glycogenolysis

A

Breakdown of glycogen into glucose

7
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

Synthesis of glucose from amino acids

8
Q

During absorptive state

A

Blood glucose is high

9
Q

Insulin

A

Secreted by the B cells of the pancreas, lowers blood glucose by increasing entry into cells, stimulating glycogenesis, protein & fat synthesis and inhibiting Gluconeogenesis

10
Q

During post absorptive state

A

Aim to prevent blood glucose falling

12
Q

Glucagon

A

A hormone Secreted by a cells of pancreas stimulate Glycogenolysis, Gluconeogenesis & lipolysis

12
Q

How many amino acids?

A

20

13
Q

Glucagon does what to blood glucose levels?

A

Increases

14
Q

How many essential amino acids

A

8

15
Q

A carbohydrate stored in the liver

A

Glucagon

16
Q

A monosaccharide

A

Glucose

17
Q

Promotes glycogen deposition and has anti inflammatory effects

A

Glucocorticoids

18
Q

The process by which the cell breaks down glucose to produce ATP

A

Glycolysis

19
Q

The follwing hormone stimulates gastic motility and secretion

A

Gastrin

20
Q

Hydrochloric acid in the stomach is secreted from the

A

Parietal cells

21
Q

The layers of the digestive tract in the correct order from interior to outward are:

A

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

22
Q

Chief cells secrete

A

Pepsinogen

23
Q

Glucose

A

Simple sugar used by cells for energy

24
Q

Glycogen

A

Storage, very high molecular weight form of glucose

25
Q

Glycolysis

A

The anaerobic breakdown of glucose to release some of it’s stored energy