Disorders of growth

Question 1

What is a neoplasm?

Answer 1

• An abnormal mass of tissue, the growth of which exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissue, and which persists in the same excessive manner after cessation of the stimuli which evoked the change.

Question 2

What is neoplasia?

Answer 2

The process by which a neoplasm is formed.

Question 3

What is a tumour?

Answer 3

‘Swelling’ but also means neoplasm.

Question 4

What is leukaemia?

Answer 4

• Neoplastic proliferation of haemopoietic stem cells. - Neoplastic cells spill over into the blood stream - All regarded as malignant.

Question 5

What is lymphoma?

Answer 5

• Malignant proliferation of cells of lymphoid tissue. - 2 types - Hodgkin’s Disease and Non-Hodgkins Disease.

Question 6

What is teratoma?

Answer 6

• Arises from ‘totipotential’ cells, producing tissues representing all 3 germ cell layers (ovary, testes, midline)

Question 7

What are the effects of benign tumours?

Answer 7

• Mechanical pressure - Obstruction - Ulceration - Infarction of pedunculated tumour - Infection - Rupture of cystic neoplasm. - Hormone production - Malignant change.

Question 8

What are the effects of malignant tumours?

Answer 8

• Tissue destruction - Haemorrhage - Secondary infection - Cochexia - Pain - Anaemia - Paraneoplastic syndrome.