DIVERSE PLACES Flashcards
(72 cards)
1
Q
what is integration?
A
the bringing together of people from different demographics or ethnic groups that make up society
2
Q
what is segragation?
A
the seperation or isolation of a group of people by forced or voluntary residence in a certain area
3
Q
what is regeneration?
A
the redeveloping of former industrial areas or housing to improve them
4
Q
what is gentrification?
A
high-income earners move into run-down areas to be closer to their jobs resulting in regenration of the area to conforem to their middle class lifestyles
5
Q
Suggest one reason why the distribution of international migrants varies across the UK
3 marks
A
Asylum seekers arrive in the South-East of the UK, so the government relocates them to the North of the UK. to prevent overcrowding in the South-East
6
Q
what is assimilation?
A
the process of understanding and becoming parts of something
7
Q
How is assimilation measured?
A
- voting turnouts
- tensions/ hate crimes
- community interactions
8
Q
What are the UK’s attitudes towards immigration?
A
- 52% believe immigration should stop
- very split over if immigration is good or bad
This means migrants may feel unwanted in society as people arent necessarily willing for social cohesion
9
Q
Who are rural communities more desirable for?
A
- elderly dependants
- older economically active
- more wealthy
- white british
10
Q
How has sport benefited assimilation?
A
- appeals to all ethnic groups
- brings people together
- common interest
11
Q
how has sport disadvantaged assimilation?
A
- racist abuse oline
- more appealing for men
- drinking culture
12
Q
how has the jubilee benefited assimilation?
A
- appealing for families
- brings people together
13
Q
how has the jubilee disadnataged assimilation?
A
- mostly appealing for over 50s and families
14
Q
why do people move to the UK from the commonwealth?
A
- positive perception of the UK
- UK labour shortage
- 1948 British Nationality Act
- refugees are seeking a better life
- high levels of unemployment in home countries
15
Q
what factors have caused population change?
A
- migration
- improved health
- baby boomers having children
- 1948 british nationality act
- womens rights movements
- technological advancements
- child benefit scheme
- brighter economic output
16
Q
what are centrifugal forces?
A
forces that divide communites
17
Q
what are examples of centrifugal forces?
A
- globalisation
- migration
- employment change
18
Q
How can the media influence preceptions of place?
A
- show more idealised and appealing images, which often come from tourists.
19
Q
What are some factors that affcet cultural identity?
A
- age
- gender
- financial status
- ethnicity
- religion
- friendships
20
Q
what is the rural idyll?
A
an idealised, romanticised construct that presents rural areas as happier, healthier and with fewer problems than urban areas
21
Q
what is an example of chosen ethnic segragation?
A
ethnic enclaves
22
Q
what are centripetal forces?
A
bringing people together
23
Q
what is an example of forced segregation?
A
- American civils rights movements
- UK government moving migrants
24
Q
What economic and social issues can rapid demographic and cultural change lead to?
A
- conflict/tension
- unwanted changes to built environment
- social exclusion
- increased pressure on services
- higher levels of deprivation
- increased house prices
25
what economic measures can be used to measure success of management strategies?
- income
- employment type
26
What are examples of demographic indicators?
- age
- ethnicity
- population size
- gender
27
How can social progress be measured?
- reduction in inequalities
- improvements in the IMD
- improvements to life expectancy
28
what is evidence of social progress?
- independant shops opening
- funding of youth teams
- private investment to reduce unemployment
29
how can you measure cultural assimilation?
- number of cultural features
30
How can you measure economic assimilation?
- disparities in wages
31
How can you measure social assimilation?
- changes to the incidence of crime rates
32
How could you measure demographic assimilation?
- mapping changing residential distributions to see if they show decreasing segragation
33
How can you measure political assimilation?
- voter turnouts for minority groups
- development of community groups
34
How can you measure community engagement?
- election turnout
- number of community activities
- number of supported local community groups
35
What does the lack of ethnic minority groups voting suggest?
- some individuals feel socially excluded
- feel they have little influence
- possible language barriers
36
Who will there be contrasting views between in urban and rural areas?
- different generations
- minority ethnic groups
- deprived groups
37
What are examples of national strategies to manage change within urban areas?
- the power of sport
- Jubilee spirit
- Eurovision 2023
- Windrush 75
38
What is the power of sport?
- Sport acts as a common interest between ethnic groups, generations, and socioeconomic groups.
39
What are the benefits of the power of sport?
- common interest
- 62% of people agree that major sports tournaments are good at bringing people together who are from different backgrounds.
- Team sports have often got more community involvement.
40
What have been the cons of the power of sport?
- There is a tendency for sport to appeal more greatly to men.
- There's a lot of drinking culture associated with sport.
- Racist online abuse often increases after a sport event such as Euro 2021 finals
41
What is Jubilee Spirit?
The participation among the country during the Queen's Platinum Jubilee events.
42
What have been the benefits of Jubilee Spirit?
- More than four in ten UK adults across the majority and minority ethnic groups took apart.
- People of different backgrounds were brought together.
43
What have been the cons of Jubilee spirit?
It was less appealing for young people
44
What is the welcomer's Eurovision 2023?
A jointly hosted UK, Ukraine, Eurovision Song Contest.
45
What were the advantages of the welcomers Eurovision 2023?
- Social cohesion between British and Ukrainian nationals, despite the war.
- solidarity
46
What are examples of local strategies in urban areas to manage change.
- local community groups
e.g. Aik Saath in Slough
47
What can local community groups do to help manage change in urban areas?
- help change how people interact
- lobby local authorities for change
- improve local lies
- set up consulations and solutions
48
what is Aik Saath?
The charity in Slough that focuses on integrating people from all communities, faiths and backgrounds to encourage conflict resolution and community cohesion.
49
How does Aik Saath aim to achieve community cohesion?
- Stopping young violence and hate crimes through training, campaigns, and projects in education settings
50
What four variables can be used to measure the success of managing change in diverse urban communities/
- economic
- social
- demographic changes
- environmental
51
What economic variables can be used to measure the successive change in diverse urban areas.
Changes to average incomes and levels of unemployment
52
What social variables can be used to measure the success of managing change in diverse urban areas?
Reducing levels of deprivation and crime rates
53
what demographic changes can be measured when looking at the success of managing change in diverse urban areas.
- improved life expectancy
- reduced health deprivation
54
What environmental measures can be looked at when measuring its success of managing change in a diverse urban areas?
- reducing pollution levels
- the amount of derelict land
55
What are examples of stakeholders in diverse communities?
- residents
- local government
- national government
- migrants
- local businesses
56
How can stakeholders for diverse areas be divided?
- Groups that directly affect the management or handling of the issue.
- Groups that are affected by the management of the issue.
57
Why will each stakeholder have their own view on the success of managing change in a diverse areas?
- different perceptions and lived experiences
- different ideas of success vs failure
- different sets of criteria for success
58
What viewpoints may national governments and planners have of success on managing change in rural areas?
- May only have perceptions of rural areas, rather than lived experiences so may not meet needs of local community.
- Development plans may have to be more considered due to protecting rural areas.
59
What success measures could national governments and planners use?
- number of deprived households
- unemployment rate
- Level of internal international migration to fill job vacancies.
60
What viewpoints may local governments have on managing change in diverse rural areas
- The long time, health of the local economy
- traditions and heritage of the area Maybe more likely to protect it due to members having a lived experience.
61
What possible success measures could local governments use?
- number of deprived households
- unemployment rate
- visitor numbers
- job creation numbers
- census data
- IMD data trends.
62
What viewpoints are local businesses likely to have for managing change in diverse rural areas
- Large development projects may be viewed negatively if it increases competition.
- New development could be viewed positively for local businesses are involved in decision making.
- Will want to expand their market and customer base.
63
What possible success measures will local businesses use to measure success of managing change in rural areas.
- Visitor numbers
- the extent of protected areas
- profitability of farms
- changes in profit
- hiring rates of new employees
- increased population, especially the young.
64
What indicators may migrants use to measure the success of managing change in rural areas.
- Amount of affordable homes to rent.
- Number of new job openings.
65
What different issues will rural areas have requiring management?
- High levels of deprivation due to lower incomes than seasonal jobs.
- Declining rural services.
- Poor transport communication infrastructure.
- Few affordable homes.
66
What are examples of national strategies for managing change in diverse rural areas.
- Rural enterprise zones
- National investments
67
What are rural enterprise zones?
They were introduced by governments to encourage development of new businesses, enabling growth though incentives such as business rate holiday, more streamline planning regulations and super fast broadband.
68
What are examples of strategies for managing change in Cornwall?
- Eden Project
- Superfast Broadband
- An enterprise zone such as the Newquay Aerohub.
69
What national investments can help to manage change in diverse rural areas.
Investing in mobile networks and highest speed broadband allows more people to work in rural areas.
70
What are examples of local strategies for managing change in diverse rural areas.
- Land owners and farmers diversifying.
- Local authorities granting planning permission to particular groups.
71
What is diversifying by landowners and farmers?
Where farmers start to produce and sell specialty goods, or convert buildings for other uses or allow renewable energy to create economic opportunities for young people and increase profits.
72
What have been the disadvantages of the welcomers Eurovision? 2023.
- Highlights the inability to host, which could create tensions or bring a reminder of conflict.
