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Flashcards in DNA Deck (18)
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1
Q

Purine

A

2 rings of carbon+nitrogen

2
Q

Pyrimidine

A

1 ring of carbon

3
Q

Introns

A

The intervening sequences, and are “blank”

4
Q

Exons

A

The sequences that code for proteins and are “expressed”

5
Q

Double Helix

A

Two DNA strands that are bound together and then are twisted

6
Q

Nucleotide

A

1 phos
1 deoxyribose
1 nitrogen base

Monomer of nucleic acids

7
Q

Replication

A

Before a cell can divide in two to make daughter cells, first the cell’s DNA must copy itself

8
Q

Helicase

A

Enzymes that unwind the DNA and break the hydrogen bonds between strands.

9
Q

Replication fork

A

A “Y” shaped DNA that appears at many places along the length of the DNA molecule and speeds up replication.

10
Q

Polymerase

A

Enzymes that add new nucleotides to the single strands of DNA and proofread the DNA molecule and remove incorrect nucleotides

11
Q

Transcription

A

The info from the DNA sequence is rewritten as messenger RNA

12
Q

Translation

A

The process of using mRNA to assemble a sequence of amino acids into a protein

13
Q

Codon

A

3 mRNA nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid

14
Q

Mutation

A

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA

15
Q

Insertion

A

An excess base is inserted

16
Q

Deletion

A

A base is accidentally deleted

17
Q

Substitution

A

Replaces one base with another

18
Q

DNA

A

A long, thin molecule that stores heredity information